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<link:linkbase xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
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  <link:labelLink xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/link" xlink:type="extended">
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeasedAssetsLineItems_d35e0f74-b2e0-4735-89da-1a7a10ee7700_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeasedAssetsLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Leased Assets [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeasedAssetsLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeasedAssetsLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Leased Assets [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingLeasedAssetsLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeasedAssetsLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingLeasedAssetsLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeasedAssetsLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockAppreciationRightsSARSMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockAppreciationRightsSARSMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockAppreciationRightsSARSMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockAppreciationRightsSARSMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Appreciation Rights (SARs) [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockAppreciationRightsSARSMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_StockAppreciationRightsSARSMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockAppreciationRightsSARSMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockAppreciationRightsSARSMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_Totalpaymenttoentercollaborationagreement_0f509a16-be23-4f26-bcbf-90def8ff1549_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_Totalpaymenttoentercollaborationagreement" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total payment to enter collaboration agreement</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_Totalpaymenttoentercollaborationagreement_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_Totalpaymenttoentercollaborationagreement" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total payment to enter collaboration agreement</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_Totalpaymenttoentercollaborationagreement_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_Totalpaymenttoentercollaborationagreement" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total payment to enter collaboration agreement</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_Totalpaymenttoentercollaborationagreement" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_Totalpaymenttoentercollaborationagreement"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_Totalpaymenttoentercollaborationagreement" xlink:to="lab_biib_Totalpaymenttoentercollaborationagreement" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_IntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillTableTextBlock_08f16403-5b87-40d2-a20f-b907af8540d3_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_IntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible assets</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_IntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_IntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible Assets Excluding Goodwill [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_IntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillTableTextBlock_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_IntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible assets excluding goodwill.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_IntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillTableTextBlock" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_IntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_IntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_biib_IntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwillTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_fdb024de-f03b-4c85-879d-1ec0e5d92732_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued expense and other</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Accrued Liabilities [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccruedLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DenaliAndSangamoMember_b2a47d91-c5e5-4678-bd23-978ca3ddbc03_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DenaliAndSangamoMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Denali And Sangamo</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DenaliAndSangamoMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DenaliAndSangamoMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Denali And Sangamo [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DenaliAndSangamoMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DenaliAndSangamoMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Denali And Sangamo</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_DenaliAndSangamoMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_DenaliAndSangamoMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_DenaliAndSangamoMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_DenaliAndSangamoMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_78e1a636-e062-4b73-8e67-1a1ed6ef637b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Senior unsecured revolving credit facility maximum borrowing capacity</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Line of Credit Facility, Maximum Borrowing Capacity</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_35ef309f-19ef-479c-92d9-7ddc5e291258_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Research and development expense asset acquired</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Research and Development Expense</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_8eed4d23-e8a9-47fc-be90-eed7db9a761c_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of business acquired:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Operating Capital [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod_0ca60a3d-1888-4f28-876d-64420a4198ca_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share based payment arrangement, term</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Expiration Period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetInvestmentHedgeGainLossReclassificationBeforeTax_73b549f4-8b22-42b5-be6d-86f5b0bd8a8b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetInvestmentHedgeGainLossReclassificationBeforeTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Gain on derivative used in net investment hedge</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetInvestmentHedgeGainLossReclassificationBeforeTax_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetInvestmentHedgeGainLossReclassificationBeforeTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net Investment Hedge, Gain (Loss), Reclassification, before Tax</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetInvestmentHedgeGainLossReclassificationBeforeTax" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetInvestmentHedgeGainLossReclassificationBeforeTax"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetInvestmentHedgeGainLossReclassificationBeforeTax" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetInvestmentHedgeGainLossReclassificationBeforeTax" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain_ec70b5ec-51f6-40f2-aa02-41bb14b70a9f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Award Type [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Award Type [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value as of Grant Date</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Award Grant Date Fair Value</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_EquityMethodInvesteeNameDomain_283fc30b-335b-4230-a311-89ccaa8d8a56_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_EquityMethodInvesteeNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Investment, Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_EquityMethodInvesteeNameDomain_682d2960-9647-418c-8944-1925235ca41c_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_EquityMethodInvesteeNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Method Investee, Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_EquityMethodInvesteeNameDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_EquityMethodInvesteeNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Investment, Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_EquityMethodInvesteeNameDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-2023.xsd#srt_EquityMethodInvesteeNameDomain"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill_da1c898f-91f0-4726-9fba-7d07901102fe_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Impairment of intangible assets</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Impairment of Intangible Assets (Excluding Goodwill)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PayablesToDivestitureOfInterestInJointVentureNumberOfPayments_4b2e1a68-bed6-4717-b724-04b95643beb6_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PayablesToDivestitureOfInterestInJointVentureNumberOfPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Number of payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PayablesToDivestitureOfInterestInJointVentureNumberOfPayments_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PayablesToDivestitureOfInterestInJointVentureNumberOfPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Payables To Divestiture Of Interest In Joint Venture, Number Of Payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PayablesToDivestitureOfInterestInJointVentureNumberOfPayments_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PayablesToDivestitureOfInterestInJointVentureNumberOfPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Payables To Divestiture Of Interest In Joint Venture, Number Of Payments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_PayablesToDivestitureOfInterestInJointVentureNumberOfPayments" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_PayablesToDivestitureOfInterestInJointVentureNumberOfPayments"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_PayablesToDivestitureOfInterestInJointVentureNumberOfPayments" xlink:to="lab_biib_PayablesToDivestitureOfInterestInJointVentureNumberOfPayments" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_NumberOfEqualAnnualIncrements_28791d09-6b5e-4bcb-a8ea-6058abf3c4e5_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NumberOfEqualAnnualIncrements" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Number of equal annual increments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_NumberOfEqualAnnualIncrements_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NumberOfEqualAnnualIncrements" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Number Of Equal Annual Increments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_NumberOfEqualAnnualIncrements_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NumberOfEqualAnnualIncrements" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Number of equal annual increments.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_NumberOfEqualAnnualIncrements" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_NumberOfEqualAnnualIncrements"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_NumberOfEqualAnnualIncrements" xlink:to="lab_biib_NumberOfEqualAnnualIncrements" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_304f9964-cf15-4b8c-b469-4e7d53af877f_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total transaction value</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_ef63b99e-ad36-48f8-a3a8-5191cc41173e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total transaction value</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGross" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SeriesXPreferredStockMember_59373918-c476-47b6-8375-347cadd9c80b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SeriesXPreferredStockMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Series X junior participating</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SeriesXPreferredStockMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SeriesXPreferredStockMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Series X Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SeriesXPreferredStockMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SeriesXPreferredStockMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Series X preferred stock.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_SeriesXPreferredStockMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_SeriesXPreferredStockMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_SeriesXPreferredStockMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_SeriesXPreferredStockMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet_ab469b62-89ae-4d7b-9e63-35797e0b327c_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax liability</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Income Tax Liabilities, Net</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxLiabilitiesNet" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_IonisPharmaceuticalsMember_2a737711-004d-4b0e-be25-83581af9427f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_IonisPharmaceuticalsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Ionis Pharmaceuticals</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_IonisPharmaceuticalsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_IonisPharmaceuticalsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Ionis Pharmaceuticals [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_IonisPharmaceuticalsMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_IonisPharmaceuticalsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Ionis Pharmaceuticals [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_IonisPharmaceuticalsMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_IonisPharmaceuticalsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_IonisPharmaceuticalsMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_IonisPharmaceuticalsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DenaliTherapeuticsIncMember_330c4d60-f622-4057-b94b-9e048b65d953_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DenaliTherapeuticsIncMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Denali Therapeutics</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DenaliTherapeuticsIncMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DenaliTherapeuticsIncMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Denali Therapeutics Inc. [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DenaliTherapeuticsIncMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DenaliTherapeuticsIncMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Denali Therapeutics Inc.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_DenaliTherapeuticsIncMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_DenaliTherapeuticsIncMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_DenaliTherapeuticsIncMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_DenaliTherapeuticsIncMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FutureRoyaltiesPercentageToBeReceivedOnSaleOfProduct_1de39292-a080-4178-8890-870f736adc49_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FutureRoyaltiesPercentageToBeReceivedOnSaleOfProduct" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Royalty percentage to be received</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FutureRoyaltiesPercentageToBeReceivedOnSaleOfProduct_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FutureRoyaltiesPercentageToBeReceivedOnSaleOfProduct" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Future Royalties Percentage To Be Received On Sale Of Product</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FutureRoyaltiesPercentageToBeReceivedOnSaleOfProduct_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FutureRoyaltiesPercentageToBeReceivedOnSaleOfProduct" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Future royalties percentage to be received on sale of product.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_FutureRoyaltiesPercentageToBeReceivedOnSaleOfProduct" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_FutureRoyaltiesPercentageToBeReceivedOnSaleOfProduct"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_FutureRoyaltiesPercentageToBeReceivedOnSaleOfProduct" xlink:to="lab_biib_FutureRoyaltiesPercentageToBeReceivedOnSaleOfProduct" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_InsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_InsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Insider Trading Policies and Procedures [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_InsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_InsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_InsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems" xlink:to="lab_ecd_InsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_8b0661b8-e492-4626-ab4f-3567b0b574d3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Options exercisable (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Exercisable, Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableNumber" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_OperatingleasesupplementalcashflowdisclosureTableTextBlock_9052bfde-8647-464b-8242-0f4da3b32b78_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_OperatingleasesupplementalcashflowdisclosureTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease supplemental cash flow disclosure</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_OperatingleasesupplementalcashflowdisclosureTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_OperatingleasesupplementalcashflowdisclosureTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease supplemental cash flow disclosure [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_OperatingleasesupplementalcashflowdisclosureTableTextBlock_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_OperatingleasesupplementalcashflowdisclosureTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease supplemental cash flow disclosure [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_OperatingleasesupplementalcashflowdisclosureTableTextBlock" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_OperatingleasesupplementalcashflowdisclosureTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_OperatingleasesupplementalcashflowdisclosureTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_biib_OperatingleasesupplementalcashflowdisclosureTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated [Flag]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:to="lab_ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinCashTableTextBlock_737e3eb9-f744-4ab5-bcdc-9175f70cfbab_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinCashTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Performance stock units settled in cash activity</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinCashTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinCashTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Performance Stock Units Settled in Cash [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinCashTableTextBlock_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinCashTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Performance Stock Units Settled in Cash [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinCashTableTextBlock" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinCashTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinCashTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinCashTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_Totaldeferredchargesandprepaidtaxes_7ed78222-be40-470b-9d78-b2d7359cdb2f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_Totaldeferredchargesandprepaidtaxes" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total deferred charges and prepaid taxes</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_Totaldeferredchargesandprepaidtaxes_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_Totaldeferredchargesandprepaidtaxes" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total deferred charges and prepaid taxes</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_Totaldeferredchargesandprepaidtaxes_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_Totaldeferredchargesandprepaidtaxes" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total deferred charges and prepaid taxes</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_Totaldeferredchargesandprepaidtaxes" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_Totaldeferredchargesandprepaidtaxes"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_Totaldeferredchargesandprepaidtaxes" xlink:to="lab_biib_Totaldeferredchargesandprepaidtaxes" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseDecreaseOther_365ff5c5-c751-4480-9f6b-5461bdaeb56c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseDecreaseOther" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Capital contribution from noncontrolling interest</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseDecreaseOther_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseDecreaseOther" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Noncontrolling Interest, Increase (Decrease), Other</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseDecreaseOther_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseDecreaseOther" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Noncontrolling Interest, Increase (Decrease), Other</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseDecreaseOther" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseDecreaseOther"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseDecreaseOther" xlink:to="lab_biib_NoncontrollingInterestIncreaseDecreaseOther" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems_3dc6704d-5079-4af7-9f22-cfc402350b63_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_RestatementDoesNotRequireRecoveryTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_RestatementDoesNotRequireRecoveryTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restatement does not require Recovery</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_4a70ad6f-5d6f-42e6-a6eb-8fdeef1617fc_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Equity</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown_c5733e45-9833-4616-92e8-9d59a7ef8768_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Excess and obsolescence charges related to inventory</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InventoryWriteDown" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOperatingLeaseAssets_f7a3abc4-d223-4c18-8b43-a8a94c9770b3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOperatingLeaseAssets" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease assets</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOperatingLeaseAssets" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsOperatingLeaseAssets"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_CentersForMedicareAndMedicaidServiceMember_a34ea659-9296-46b7-affe-70a8df256ef6_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CentersForMedicareAndMedicaidServiceMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Service</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityLineItems_7f4ec060-0598-46ad-85b4-527fb85e8fa1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Variable Interest Entity [Line Items]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate_30ce79f7-f940-4249-ab58-394693eba05c_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Expected dividend yield</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate"/>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetIndefiniteLivedExcludingGoodwillStatementOfIncomeOrComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleEnumeration" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ImpairmentOfIntangibleAssetIndefiniteLivedExcludingGoodwillStatementOfIncomeOrComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleEnumeration"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_currency_CAD_b3b35299-613a-4571-9bc6-73478d2795a0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_currency_CAD" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Canadian dollar</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_currency_CAD_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_currency_CAD" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Canada, Dollars</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_srt_DirectorMember_2b44b9a5-ce4e-4826-b83d-66ae4ef8327b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_DirectorMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Director</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_DirectorMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-2023.xsd#srt_DirectorMember"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOwnershipPlanESOPDisclosuresLineItems_6e649845-d78b-42fe-b30b-474671236666_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeStockOwnershipPlanESOPDisclosuresLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) Disclosures [Line Items]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_A2023TermLoanMember_a5a5d034-e78d-4138-af66-6f055f6b3bb5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_A2023TermLoanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">2023 Term Loan</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_A2023TermLoanMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_A2023TermLoanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">2023 Term Loan</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_A2023TermLoanMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_A2023TermLoanMember"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_srt_MajorCustomersAxis_8bf783c0-8176-422e-af95-77c5dd537f78_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_MajorCustomersAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Customer [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_MajorCustomersAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_MajorCustomersAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Customer [Axis]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_f66065e6-1d3f-4731-9942-8e40d87cf893_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Current liabilities:</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_16af8dde-858c-4480-87b3-529ebc9811af_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredFederalIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Federal</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss_d5c61489-9326-461a-b3c4-7d2eb2fa67e8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated impairment losses related to goodwill</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireInProcessResearchAndDevelopment_928f270b-9856-4e88-8abf-96405d255460_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireInProcessResearchAndDevelopment" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Acquired in-process research and development</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted_d8542ca6-3f92-49c7-9e2d-bd3ea9395104_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Diluted earnings per share attributable to Biogen Inc. (in dollars per share)</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_UCBPharmaSAMember_59446d00-35db-4afa-baf3-6d7ae2a2e903_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_UCBPharmaSAMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">UCB Pharma S.A.</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GuaranteesTextBlock_471a8ab4-e232-4449-a990-fe8740f32342_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GuaranteesTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Guarantees</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GuaranteesTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_GuaranteesTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssetsPolicy_aeba61fb-5147-41d1-a5af-a44ee7fbce88_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssetsPolicy" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible Assets</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssetsPolicy_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsIntangibleAssetsPolicy" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Intangible Assets, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_1bd3c4aa-833d-4d5c-a5ae-a83fecfc6b0c_negatedLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury stock, at cost; 23.8 million and 23.8 million shares, respectively</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock, Value</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent_19692479-3d90-457a-afb7-cad18b24b119_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableNetCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $2.4 and $2.3, respectively</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_A315SeniorNotesDueMay12050Member_7e03f783-d870-4236-8445-d6568326b4ae_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_A315SeniorNotesDueMay12050Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">3.150% Senior Notes due May 1, 2050</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_MajorDistributorAxis_00508bdb-757c-4879-8d94-4ff26a4e8b74_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_MajorDistributorAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Major Distributor [Axis]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember_e5b2febd-9d0e-446d-8723-749b18a02c01_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Line of Credit</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Line of Credit [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LineOfCreditMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ERISAClassActionLitigaitonMember_2fef8e31-6dbf-49d4-8484-23d0b392e661_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ERISAClassActionLitigaitonMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">ERISA Class Action Litigaiton</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ERISAClassActionLitigaitonMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ERISAClassActionLitigaitonMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">ERISA Class Action Litigaiton [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ERISAClassActionLitigaitonMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ERISAClassActionLitigaitonMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">ERISA Class Action Litigaiton</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesSingleMaturityDateAmortizedCostBasisAbstract_66a852d9-2b34-4562-b93c-709b11fb1418_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesSingleMaturityDateAmortizedCostBasisAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Amortized Cost</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesSingleMaturityDateAmortizedCostBasisAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesSingleMaturityDateAmortizedCostBasisAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Maturity, Allocated and Single Maturity Date, Amortized Cost [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_dei_TradingSymbol_fb81a4da-2815-4eec-85be-d42cdf798c4f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_TradingSymbol_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_2fe9d4e8-bf7e-484d-b9fc-5c98dc083231_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to increase investment in Samsung Bioepis</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to Acquire Equity Method Investments</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanDomain_af5756fb-17af-4df7-88e1-f116ab757981_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring Plan [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring Plan [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_RestructuringPlanDomain"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_NumberOfSharesOfCommonStockForIssuance_c87663f9-fd7d-410e-b5bc-a068ca872c56_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NumberOfSharesOfCommonStockForIssuance" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total number of shares of common stock for issuance (in shares)</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesMember_565ad3e5-1214-4b49-ac3f-c3b34bfd8567_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Short-term debt securities</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_DistributorTwoMember_4392c4ac-0c87-4b9e-9fff-595314a60784_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DistributorTwoMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Distributor Two</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_DistributorTwoMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DistributorTwoMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Distributor two.</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract_7e2464d2-3841-45da-a039-1bce951c409c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsMajorClassNameDomain_e8cafd4e-8c05-4d53-92fb-11fad27b9835_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsMajorClassNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets, Major Class Name [Domain]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentMember_3830dee9-ac35-4304-bbab-175b200c0ed8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Machinery and Equipment</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeCategorizationMember_afedbae6-cefb-4380-aa38-35b55724f2bf_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Investments [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeCategorizationMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Investments [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentTypeCategorizationMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour_b9d807c2-dcaf-4c65-88dc-c342a94935c1_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">2027</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Four</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFour" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_72d05142-3ae8-469e-8232-45c4b334b047_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_TermOfCollaborationAgreementAdditionalLength_2d2664c1-c4ca-4847-9ed1-b4093e5ff59b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_TermOfCollaborationAgreementAdditionalLength" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Term of collaboration agreement, additional length</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_TermOfCollaborationAgreementAdditionalLength_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_TermOfCollaborationAgreementAdditionalLength" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Term Of Collaboration Agreement, Additional Length</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_TermOfCollaborationAgreementAdditionalLength_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_TermOfCollaborationAgreementAdditionalLength" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Term Of Collaboration Agreement, Additional Length</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_TermOfCollaborationAgreementAdditionalLength" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_TermOfCollaborationAgreementAdditionalLength"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_TermOfCollaborationAgreementAdditionalLength" xlink:to="lab_biib_TermOfCollaborationAgreementAdditionalLength" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_RecoveryOfErrCompDisclosureLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_RecoveryOfErrCompDisclosureLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation Disclosure [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_RecoveryOfErrCompDisclosureLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_RecoveryOfErrCompDisclosureLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_RecoveryOfErrCompDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="lab_ecd_RecoveryOfErrCompDisclosureLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTable_96723426-be93-4406-8ce3-96f8fdcd9e71_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Business Acquisitions by Acquisition, Contingent Consideration [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Business Acquisitions by Acquisition, Contingent Consideration [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionContingentConsiderationTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DerivativeNotionalAmount_9f59de4d-75c4-488f-84fc-7e7a69b2d5dc_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DerivativeNotionalAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Derivative, notional amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DerivativeNotionalAmount_f7aaaa37-20ce-4a0d-ae4a-0f9021fa9938_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DerivativeNotionalAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total foreign currency forward contracts and options</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DerivativeNotionalAmount_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DerivativeNotionalAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Derivative, Notional Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DerivativeNotionalAmount" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DerivativeNotionalAmount"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DerivativeNotionalAmount" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DerivativeNotionalAmount" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember_8d3e1dab-6029-4eb7-88bf-c230e5220947_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Reduction of accounts receivable</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts Receivable [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccountsReceivableMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_InvestmentsInVariableInterestEntitiesAbstract_317f1fc9-eb97-48a8-a007-7d6c0ac264a5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_InvestmentsInVariableInterestEntitiesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Investments in Variable Interest Entities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_InvestmentsInVariableInterestEntitiesAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_InvestmentsInVariableInterestEntitiesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Investments in Variable Interest Entities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_InvestmentsInVariableInterestEntitiesAbstract_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_InvestmentsInVariableInterestEntitiesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Investments In Variable Interest Entities.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_InvestmentsInVariableInterestEntitiesAbstract" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_InvestmentsInVariableInterestEntitiesAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_InvestmentsInVariableInterestEntitiesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_biib_InvestmentsInVariableInterestEntitiesAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DiscreteIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_6c0ee423-cd29-471e-86ca-7faad3b7bf68_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DiscreteIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Discrete income tax expense (benefit)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DiscreteIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DiscreteIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Discrete Income Tax Expense (Benefit)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DiscreteIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DiscreteIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Discrete Income Tax Expense (Benefit)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_DiscreteIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_DiscreteIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_DiscreteIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="lab_biib_DiscreteIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis_98512025-573b-44cd-a766-3412a6b233d6_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Measurement Frequency [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Measurement Frequency [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ExpectedAdditionalMilestonePaymentsWhenMeetingCertainSalesThreshold_9618a48e-ed5a-4e74-b1e0-638f1d943d55_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ExpectedAdditionalMilestonePaymentsWhenMeetingCertainSalesThreshold" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Expected additional milestone payments when certain sales threshold is met</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ExpectedAdditionalMilestonePaymentsWhenMeetingCertainSalesThreshold_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ExpectedAdditionalMilestonePaymentsWhenMeetingCertainSalesThreshold" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Expected Additional Milestone Payments When Meeting Certain Sales Threshold</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ExpectedAdditionalMilestonePaymentsWhenMeetingCertainSalesThreshold_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ExpectedAdditionalMilestonePaymentsWhenMeetingCertainSalesThreshold" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Expected additional milestone payments when meeting certain sales threshold.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_ExpectedAdditionalMilestonePaymentsWhenMeetingCertainSalesThreshold" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_ExpectedAdditionalMilestonePaymentsWhenMeetingCertainSalesThreshold"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_ExpectedAdditionalMilestonePaymentsWhenMeetingCertainSalesThreshold" xlink:to="lab_biib_ExpectedAdditionalMilestonePaymentsWhenMeetingCertainSalesThreshold" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeDomain_22d3f3b3-94cc-476b-82a6-c450ed68e532_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Retirement Plan Type [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Retirement Plan Type [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RetirementPlanTypeDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_OtherresearchanddiscoveryMember_c6d3b710-2917-4d3b-9a56-2f9b304e6e94_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_OtherresearchanddiscoveryMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other research and discovery</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_OtherresearchanddiscoveryMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_OtherresearchanddiscoveryMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other research and discovery [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_OtherresearchanddiscoveryMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_OtherresearchanddiscoveryMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other research and discovery [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_OtherresearchanddiscoveryMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_OtherresearchanddiscoveryMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_OtherresearchanddiscoveryMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_OtherresearchanddiscoveryMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Forgone Recovery due to Violation of Home Country Law, Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Forgone Recovery due to Violation of Home Country Law, Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt" xlink:to="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesMember_b37ef409-dd90-4901-b833-03c7bc0470ee_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued&#160;expense&#160;and&#160;other</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued Liabilities [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Depreciation_8e1898a3-ae28-4dd1-947a-1b4fd042d9b4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Depreciation" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Depreciation_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Depreciation" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Depreciation" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_Depreciation" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DomesticPlanMember_abf77c11-e344-4620-80ea-b2004385208f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DomesticPlanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Domestic Plan</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis_3fb2bb03-3883-45f5-8f32-b75a052228fb_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Award Type [Axis]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_UpfrontAndMilestonePaymentsMadeToCollaborativePartner_02ace711-aa3e-4246-8f26-235ec380ebe7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_UpfrontAndMilestonePaymentsMadeToCollaborativePartner" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Upfront and milestone payments made to collaborative partner</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain_a216a9b6-b521-4e42-aa8c-9ed56bda8060_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Measurements, Fair Value Hierarchy [Domain]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_dei_IcfrAuditorAttestationFlag_9705cb38-eeb7-4d25-9e84-25e1d8e8b363_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_IcfrAuditorAttestationFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_HedgingDesignationAxis_3aa81693-2fe6-4df0-b05b-db4e493c5808_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_HedgingDesignationAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Hedging Designation [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_HedgingDesignationAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_HedgingDesignationAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Hedging Designation [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_HedgingDesignationAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_HedgingDesignationAxis"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_b35a72fd-e732-4ea8-8a42-430904b18d02_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total cost</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentGross" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Property, Plant and Equipment, Gross</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillLineItems_4c71ed18-ab97-40b4-b3a9-b62e5fb40adb_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill [Line Items]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GoodwillLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_GoodwillLineItems"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_fa957596-7459-48bd-a835-dd59f290dbc8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_22a29af0-1292-4ddf-b8cd-9e8471d7d8d4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Less: interest</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Undiscounted Excess Amount</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PeoActuallyPaidCompAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PeoActuallyPaidCompAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">PEO Actually Paid Compensation Amount</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_MinimumQualifyingAgeForEmployeeBenefitPlan_95946fc1-4dd3-493a-9761-466bbac2e180_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_MinimumQualifyingAgeForEmployeeBenefitPlan" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum qualifying age for employee benefit plan</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DerivativesFairValueLineItems_a275a9a8-2224-44fd-9f51-6d7d6295abc3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DerivativesFairValueLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Derivatives, Fair Value [Line Items]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DerivativesFairValueLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DerivativesFairValueLineItems"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock_b01fe7db-f510-482c-b65f-285323df4cea_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfComponentsOfIncomeTaxExpenseBenefitTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income before income tax provision and the income tax expense</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_CollaborativeArrangementProfitLossSharingComponentsAxis_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CollaborativeArrangementProfitLossSharingComponentsAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement, Profit (Loss) Sharing Components</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_CollaborativeArrangementProfitLossSharingComponentsAxis" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_CollaborativeArrangementProfitLossSharingComponentsAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_CollaborativeArrangementProfitLossSharingComponentsAxis" xlink:to="lab_biib_CollaborativeArrangementProfitLossSharingComponentsAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_RepurchaseAgreementCounterpartyNameDomain_1d7bf98a-cc66-4250-9d40-e3590e571898_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_RepurchaseAgreementCounterpartyNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Counterparty Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_RepurchaseAgreementCounterpartyNameDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_RepurchaseAgreementCounterpartyNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Counterparty Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_RepurchaseAgreementCounterpartyNameDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-2023.xsd#srt_RepurchaseAgreementCounterpartyNameDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_srt_RepurchaseAgreementCounterpartyNameDomain" xlink:to="lab_srt_RepurchaseAgreementCounterpartyNameDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_94d87ef8-4957-4247-b8c8-5a771b7d3d9c_negatedLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Amortization</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_cee41736-50d3-4d8f-80cc-08f4606edc23_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Amortization</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Accumulated Amortization</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAccumulatedAmortization" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationSeparatelyRecognizedTransactionsAdditionalDisclosuresAcquisitionCostExpensed_d1ce1303-e9b0-45c5-aa5b-eb9635ab1719_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationSeparatelyRecognizedTransactionsAdditionalDisclosuresAcquisitionCostExpensed" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Separately recognized transactions, additional disclosures, acquisition cost expensed</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationSeparatelyRecognizedTransactionsAdditionalDisclosuresAcquisitionCostExpensed_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationSeparatelyRecognizedTransactionsAdditionalDisclosuresAcquisitionCostExpensed" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combination, Separately Recognized Transactions, Additional Disclosures, Acquisition Cost Expensed</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationSeparatelyRecognizedTransactionsAdditionalDisclosuresAcquisitionCostExpensed" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationSeparatelyRecognizedTransactionsAdditionalDisclosuresAcquisitionCostExpensed"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationSeparatelyRecognizedTransactionsAdditionalDisclosuresAcquisitionCostExpensed" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationSeparatelyRecognizedTransactionsAdditionalDisclosuresAcquisitionCostExpensed" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_be92ceba-2272-4aa9-a54f-e55f1d1c0bf4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">2025</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid, Year Two</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearTwo" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FacilityLocationDomain_8d4cbad3-0f3a-4ef0-bb57-de898101d15a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FacilityLocationDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Facility Location [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FacilityLocationDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FacilityLocationDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Facility Location [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FacilityLocationDomain_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FacilityLocationDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">-- None. No documentation exists for this element. --</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_FacilityLocationDomain" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_FacilityLocationDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_FacilityLocationDomain" xlink:to="lab_biib_FacilityLocationDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseOptionExerciseFee_90058987-92a1-4096-b7a4-e1639edc34aa_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseOptionExerciseFee" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Option exercise fee</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseOptionExerciseFee_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseOptionExerciseFee" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Research And Development Expense, Option Exercise Fee</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseOptionExerciseFee_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseOptionExerciseFee" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Research And Development Expense, Option Exercise Fee</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseOptionExerciseFee" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseOptionExerciseFee"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseOptionExerciseFee" xlink:to="lab_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseOptionExerciseFee" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest_0ae0c7ba-0420-4678-b0c4-f40c62bdb550_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Interest income</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Investment Income, Interest</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentIncomeInterest" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Price or TSR Estimation Method</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Price or TSR Estimation Method [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign_fa28a0d3-9c1e-410e-a44f-cf9b0da74fa7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes, Foreign</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesForeign" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_d86349db-c1a1-4014-80ea-f486403e4457_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Consideration transferred</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combination, Consideration Transferred</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferred1" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_RatioOfNumberOfSharesReservedUnderPlan_83d4ae51-286d-4751-8611-09b6382c2dea_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_RatioOfNumberOfSharesReservedUnderPlan" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Ratio of total number of shares reserved under the plan</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_RatioOfNumberOfSharesReservedUnderPlan_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_RatioOfNumberOfSharesReservedUnderPlan" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Ratio Of Number Of Shares Reserved Under Plan</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_RatioOfNumberOfSharesReservedUnderPlan_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_RatioOfNumberOfSharesReservedUnderPlan" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Ratio of total number of shares reserved under the plan.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_RatioOfNumberOfSharesReservedUnderPlan" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_RatioOfNumberOfSharesReservedUnderPlan"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_RatioOfNumberOfSharesReservedUnderPlan" xlink:to="lab_biib_RatioOfNumberOfSharesReservedUnderPlan" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SOD1Member_c7869da4-0846-4a53-a0c9-eb065aec1a1c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SOD1Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">SOD1</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SOD1Member_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SOD1Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">SOD1 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SOD1Member_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SOD1Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">SOD1 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_SOD1Member" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_SOD1Member"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_SOD1Member" xlink:to="lab_biib_SOD1Member" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_SecurityExchangeName_9afbc5b6-965f-47e9-a071-b2f4643a63ec_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_SecurityExchangeName_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="lab_dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrentAbstract_ee4701d1-7d48-4a57-8b9c-b5473f4e0189_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrentAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Current portion:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrentAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrentAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Long-Term Debt, Current Maturities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrentAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrentAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtCurrentAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_6b053635-c884-44fa-aef3-a5c355d72ce5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Selling, general and administrative</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_3f23bdaa-3a70-4451-84e0-a753f13cf288_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Selling, general and administrative</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Selling, General and Administrative Expense</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod_8bb1db81-d3c2-4182-8876-59693eb46c52_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill resulting from Reata acquisition</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill, Acquired During Period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeTable_a0d4b370-5400-4655-a203-3808cf194751_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeTable"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Tabular List, Table</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Tabular List [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FacilityTypeDomain_af1e247d-35bf-4842-9a65-bd89610eefe0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FacilityTypeDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Facility Type [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FacilityTypeDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FacilityTypeDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Facility Type [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FacilityTypeDomain_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FacilityTypeDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Facility Type</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_FacilityTypeDomain" xlink:to="lab_biib_FacilityTypeDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RepurchaseAgreementsMember_c7fb5408-7f6a-48ed-abe3-11e7a05294fc_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RepurchaseAgreementsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Overnight reverse repurchase agreements</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RepurchaseAgreementsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RepurchaseAgreementsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Repurchase Agreements [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RepurchaseAgreementsMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_RepurchaseAgreementsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RepurchaseAgreementsMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RepurchaseAgreementsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BENEPALIMember_2824f827-1a42-4a83-becf-a4eb0f61b425_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BENEPALIMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">BENEPALI</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BENEPALIMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BENEPALIMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">BENEPALI [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BENEPALIMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BENEPALIMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">BENEPALI [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_4bf7d405-dfd0-4715-a5b9-071e6ac14645_negatedLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Repurchase of common stock pursuant to the share repurchase program, at cost</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalAfterYearFive_320915f7-a89a-4698-b7bd-bf44ce7a7903_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalAfterYearFive" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">2029 and thereafter</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalAfterYearFive_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalAfterYearFive" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Long-Term Debt, Maturity, after Year Five</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock_78bfad3b-56df-46cd-bd4b-e5a6cfe1084f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesNameDomain_6a5fd304-4173-4773-bbfa-d78fd2f1bdd7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Antidilutive Securities, Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesNameDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Antidilutive Securities, Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesNameDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesNameDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesNameDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesNameDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_ChiefExecutiveOfficerMember_1915da40-a7c3-41cc-b5ea-84f7b310467d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_ChiefExecutiveOfficerMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Chief Executive Officer</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_srt_ChiefExecutiveOfficerMember" xlink:to="lab_srt_ChiefExecutiveOfficerMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_TheCreditFacilityMember_4ea5b872-a258-46a4-8d6c-070e1f2ed944_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_TheCreditFacilityMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">The Credit Facility</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_TheCreditFacilityMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_TheCreditFacilityMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">The Credit Facility [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_TheCreditFacilityMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_TheCreditFacilityMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">The Credit Facility</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_TheCreditFacilityMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_TheCreditFacilityMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_55fc6b95-51bf-4e7d-81e7-780ec5ac1943_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from marketable securities, excluding strategic investments</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock_334af10b-ab5b-4e29-8afe-c864bdf98862_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Payments</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsShareBasedPaymentsTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit_aa2a3716-884f-4c59-931d-fadbdf6d935e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Federal</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Current Federal Tax Expense (Benefit)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CurrentFederalTaxExpenseBenefit"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_GainLossOnDispositionOfPropertyPlantEquipmentTenantAllowance_8a184fb1-ec12-484c-9374-f0b96364b282_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_GainLossOnDispositionOfPropertyPlantEquipmentTenantAllowance" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Tenant allowance</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_GainLossOnDispositionOfPropertyPlantEquipmentTenantAllowance_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_GainLossOnDispositionOfPropertyPlantEquipmentTenantAllowance" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Gain (Loss) on Disposition of Property Plant Equipment, Tenant Allowance</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_GainLossOnDispositionOfPropertyPlantEquipmentTenantAllowance_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_GainLossOnDispositionOfPropertyPlantEquipmentTenantAllowance" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Gain (Loss) on Disposition of Property Plant Equipment, Tenant Allowance</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_GainLossOnDispositionOfPropertyPlantEquipmentTenantAllowance" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_GainLossOnDispositionOfPropertyPlantEquipmentTenantAllowance"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_GainLossOnDispositionOfPropertyPlantEquipmentTenantAllowance" xlink:to="lab_biib_GainLossOnDispositionOfPropertyPlantEquipmentTenantAllowance" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_0afe1bf7-80b6-4bf7-a919-8feb39f6905d_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other Noncash Income (Expense)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentRealizedGainLossOnDisposal_f3f5767f-3141-4871-890a-7cd3f0b602a3_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentRealizedGainLossOnDisposal" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Gain on sale of equity interest in Samsung Bioepis</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis_d55d5a8d-4b85-43ef-a17e-881f6a23002a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Business Acquisition [Axis]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_SummaryOfProductRevenueReservesIncludedInConsolidatedBalanceSheetsTableTextBlock_18cd70a6-743f-48a5-b1a1-490d643ced9c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SummaryOfProductRevenueReservesIncludedInConsolidatedBalanceSheetsTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total reserves included in consolidated balance sheet</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember_2aaebd8f-2c6f-44eb-b33a-1c51faee6092_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TrademarksAndTradeNamesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Trademarks and trade names</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_InventoryNetCurrentAndNoncurrent_182593fc-3507-4aee-a366-1099b9a6a7e3_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_InventoryNetCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total inventory</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoriesMember_47185db3-a90e-4293-903c-c55d5cf824f8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoriesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Inventories</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_DueFromUnconsolidatedJointBusiness_d3b241c3-888b-44f5-83c0-f76353c929d1_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DueFromUnconsolidatedJointBusiness" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Due from anti-CD20 therapeutic programs</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DueFromUnconsolidatedJointBusiness_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DueFromUnconsolidatedJointBusiness" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Due from unconsolidated joint business</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DueFromUnconsolidatedJointBusiness_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DueFromUnconsolidatedJointBusiness" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Receivable from unconsolidated joint business for our share of the pre-tax co-promotion profits generated from our co-promotion arrangement for sales of RITUXAN.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_DueFromUnconsolidatedJointBusiness" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_DueFromUnconsolidatedJointBusiness"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_DueFromUnconsolidatedJointBusiness" xlink:to="lab_biib_DueFromUnconsolidatedJointBusiness" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract_2b462549-ede0-4cdb-bdd7-57aeca38750a_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cost and expense:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Costs and Expenses [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ContractOptionExerciseFee_26f3e4bb-1efa-4968-a1c5-fad86e26e693_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ContractOptionExerciseFee" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Option exercise fee</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ContractOptionExerciseFee_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ContractOptionExerciseFee" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Contract Option Exercise Fee</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ContractOptionExerciseFee_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ContractOptionExerciseFee" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Contract Option Exercise Fee</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_ContractOptionExerciseFee" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_ContractOptionExerciseFee"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_ContractOptionExerciseFee" xlink:to="lab_biib_ContractOptionExerciseFee" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod_ea8da54f-569d-4ca7-86c7-55e71c28b286_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Forfeited (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Forfeitures in Period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriod" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_Security12bTitle_3cced9f1-7f6b-4f18-a311-e92891a2e52e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_Security12bTitle_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="lab_dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems_0a1628ff-765b-40bd-bbe4-05cafb60e5dd_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCostAndReserveLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PayablesToDivestitureOfInterestInJointVenture_7b814371-8726-4aee-931c-a5ed7b4f969e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PayablesToDivestitureOfInterestInJointVenture" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Due from joint venture</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PayablesToDivestitureOfInterestInJointVenture_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PayablesToDivestitureOfInterestInJointVenture" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Payables To Divestiture Of Interest In Joint Venture</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PayablesToDivestitureOfInterestInJointVenture_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PayablesToDivestitureOfInterestInJointVenture" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Payables To Divestiture Of Interest In Joint Venture</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_PayablesToDivestitureOfInterestInJointVenture" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_PayablesToDivestitureOfInterestInJointVenture"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_PayablesToDivestitureOfInterestInJointVenture" xlink:to="lab_biib_PayablesToDivestitureOfInterestInJointVenture" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ThresholdOfGrossSalesToBeAchievedInAnyTwelveConsecutiveMonthsUnderOptionOne_27f9b56f-c75f-4011-859c-c956f0900d45_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ThresholdOfGrossSalesToBeAchievedInAnyTwelveConsecutiveMonthsUnderOptionOne" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Limit of gross sale of GAZYVA to be achieved in any 12 months under option one</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ThresholdOfGrossSalesToBeAchievedInAnyTwelveConsecutiveMonthsUnderOptionOne_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ThresholdOfGrossSalesToBeAchievedInAnyTwelveConsecutiveMonthsUnderOptionOne" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Threshold Of Gross Sales To Be Achieved In Any Twelve Consecutive Months Under Option One</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ThresholdOfGrossSalesToBeAchievedInAnyTwelveConsecutiveMonthsUnderOptionOne_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ThresholdOfGrossSalesToBeAchievedInAnyTwelveConsecutiveMonthsUnderOptionOne" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Threshold of gross sales to be achieved in any twelve consecutive months under option one.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_ThresholdOfGrossSalesToBeAchievedInAnyTwelveConsecutiveMonthsUnderOptionOne" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_ThresholdOfGrossSalesToBeAchievedInAnyTwelveConsecutiveMonthsUnderOptionOne"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_ThresholdOfGrossSalesToBeAchievedInAnyTwelveConsecutiveMonthsUnderOptionOne" xlink:to="lab_biib_ThresholdOfGrossSalesToBeAchievedInAnyTwelveConsecutiveMonthsUnderOptionOne" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesDepreciationAmortizationOther_21eeb320-ff90-4adf-8317-55e6277fe31e_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesDepreciationAmortizationOther" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation, amortization and other</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesDepreciationAmortizationOther_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesDepreciationAmortizationOther" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Tax Liabilities Depreciation Amortization Other</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesDepreciationAmortizationOther_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesDepreciationAmortizationOther" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax liabilities depreciation amortization other.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesDepreciationAmortizationOther" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesDepreciationAmortizationOther"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesDepreciationAmortizationOther" xlink:to="lab_biib_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesDepreciationAmortizationOther" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ExtinguishmentOfDebtAxis_b21cb27d-2c96-4372-bd5e-3e4a15d4822d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ExtinguishmentOfDebtAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Extinguishment of Debt [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ExtinguishmentOfDebtAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ExtinguishmentOfDebtAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Extinguishment of Debt [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ExtinguishmentOfDebtAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ExtinguishmentOfDebtAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ExtinguishmentOfDebtAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ExtinguishmentOfDebtAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SubleaseIncome_034a3c4a-0b40-4f12-8aeb-8f6cbbf52228_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubleaseIncome" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Sublease income</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SubleaseIncome_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubleaseIncome" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Sublease Income</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SubleaseIncome" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_SubleaseIncome"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SubleaseIncome" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SubleaseIncome" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock_c9cdf37a-328d-4208-8bcc-86eb0590be44_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Acquisitions</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combination Disclosure [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill_67646a45-8c19-464f-9a94-684c3ffd86bf_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cost and net</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets (Excluding Goodwill)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IndefiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsExcludingGoodwill" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DerivativeInstrumentsUnrealizedGainLossTableTextBlock_2aafe8ef-cca9-4b26-bbd1-640bb1e986ee_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DerivativeInstrumentsUnrealizedGainLossTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Summary of unrealized gain (loss) on derivative instruments that are included in AOCI</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DerivativeInstrumentsUnrealizedGainLossTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DerivativeInstrumentsUnrealizedGainLossTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Derivative Instruments, Unrealized Gain (Loss) [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DerivativeInstrumentsUnrealizedGainLossTableTextBlock_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DerivativeInstrumentsUnrealizedGainLossTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Derivative Instruments, Unrealized Gain (Loss)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_DerivativeInstrumentsUnrealizedGainLossTableTextBlock" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_DerivativeInstrumentsUnrealizedGainLossTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_DerivativeInstrumentsUnrealizedGainLossTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_biib_DerivativeInstrumentsUnrealizedGainLossTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate Erroneous Compensation Not Yet Determined</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate Erroneous Compensation Not Yet Determined [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_3b4241d0-6132-432e-9d84-043b775ad4c0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted average grant date fair value, nonvested</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_550152e2-0a7d-497a-b03c-321e5ddec170_periodStartLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Beginning balance, unvested (in dollars per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_70057a84-399b-4e2a-aa70-362c994c9cbb_periodEndLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Ending balance, unvested (in dollars per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract_e582ca99-92f6-4427-bcb4-af502cd6b5d5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Forgone Recovery due to Expense of Enforcement, Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Forgone Recovery due to Expense of Enforcement, Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt" xlink:to="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract_df94d8c2-f208-4478-baab-f4123963cb21_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DisclosureOfCompensationRelatedCostsSharebasedPaymentsAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_8007dfb9-eb83-4f03-ab1a-2d17017001d5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SegmentGeographicalGroupsOfCountriesGroupOtherMember_c5d7db8f-f36e-4325-a56a-79e84c8d92c3_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SegmentGeographicalGroupsOfCountriesGroupOtherMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SegmentGeographicalGroupsOfCountriesGroupOtherMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SegmentGeographicalGroupsOfCountriesGroupOtherMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Segment Geographical Groups Of Countries Group Other [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SegmentGeographicalGroupsOfCountriesGroupOtherMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SegmentGeographicalGroupsOfCountriesGroupOtherMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Segment geographical groups of countries group other.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_SegmentGeographicalGroupsOfCountriesGroupOtherMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_SegmentGeographicalGroupsOfCountriesGroupOtherMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_SegmentGeographicalGroupsOfCountriesGroupOtherMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_SegmentGeographicalGroupsOfCountriesGroupOtherMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LeaseCost_d7dfa7c8-59d5-47b3-bb97-1e1e177f34d3_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LeaseCost" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net lease cost</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LeaseCost_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LeaseCost" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lease, Cost</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LeaseCost" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LeaseCost"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LeaseCost" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LeaseCost" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PaymentDueAtFirstAnniversaryMember_dc698c5a-9ddf-462f-b972-913f9b983d03_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PaymentDueAtFirstAnniversaryMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Payment Due At First Anniversary</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PaymentDueAtFirstAnniversaryMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PaymentDueAtFirstAnniversaryMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Payment Due At First Anniversary [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PaymentDueAtFirstAnniversaryMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PaymentDueAtFirstAnniversaryMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Payment Due At First Anniversary</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_PaymentDueAtFirstAnniversaryMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_PaymentDueAtFirstAnniversaryMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_PaymentDueAtFirstAnniversaryMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_PaymentDueAtFirstAnniversaryMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInventory_092b6ae5-3585-48c7-aaf1-53ceb3d99b1f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInventory" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory, other reserves and accruals</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInventory_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInventory" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Tax Assets, Inventory</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInventory" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInventory"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInventory" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInventory" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount_82691076-b2ec-4aa2-bb79-96c2d1a03151_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Capitalized share-based compensation costs</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Amount Capitalized</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsCapitalizedAmount" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_RangeAxis_16a6a38e-37d7-431d-92cb-fa0a15afc099_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_RangeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Statistical Measurement [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_RangeAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_RangeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Statistical Measurement [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_RangeAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-2023.xsd#srt_RangeAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_srt_RangeAxis" xlink:to="lab_srt_RangeAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AdministrativeSpaceMember_b3714428-5af8-4132-bbd7-4da1a5346737_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AdministrativeSpaceMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Administrative Space</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AdministrativeSpaceMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AdministrativeSpaceMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Administrative Space [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AdministrativeSpaceMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AdministrativeSpaceMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Administrative Space</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_AdministrativeSpaceMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_AdministrativeSpaceMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_AdministrativeSpaceMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_AdministrativeSpaceMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationDomain_6e3a852c-24e8-4d19-8962-6114076fda46_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Balance Sheet Location [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Balance Sheet Location [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_BalanceSheetLocationDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_2db790b3-9642-4d61-920f-8110891df57f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Interactive Data Current</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Interactive Data Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable_22f55b4e-891d-43c3-bfe1-cf28732aa4bf_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Disaggregation of Revenue [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Disaggregation of Revenue [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToTheUCBCollaborationTableTextBlock_dd92802b-828a-4229-beed-2efe3496966d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToTheUCBCollaborationTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Summary of activity related to the UCB collaboration</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToTheUCBCollaborationTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToTheUCBCollaborationTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Summary of Activity Related to the UCB Collaboration [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToTheUCBCollaborationTableTextBlock_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToTheUCBCollaborationTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Summary of Activity Related to the UCB Collaboration</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToTheUCBCollaborationTableTextBlock" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToTheUCBCollaborationTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToTheUCBCollaborationTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToTheUCBCollaborationTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTable_220f2abf-84d9-4664-9d3e-d0265a2e2554_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProductMember_1ed7ab0d-f20a-4cf5-bed4-a83034cc47c9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProductMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Product revenue, net</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProductMember_ab4186f8-694f-4b21-896f-42f976d84d81_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProductMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total product revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProductMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProductMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Product [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProductMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ProductMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ProductMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ProductMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CompletedTechnologyMember_a7eb702f-6aa7-4e1b-b0f2-e4ef50e27204_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CompletedTechnologyMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Completed Technology</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CompletedTechnologyMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CompletedTechnologyMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Completed Technology [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CompletedTechnologyMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CompletedTechnologyMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Completed Technology</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_CompletedTechnologyMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_CompletedTechnologyMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_CompletedTechnologyMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_CompletedTechnologyMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_9ff77572-8195-406f-93f3-d25c787c7b1c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGrossOutstandingEquityAwards_cc2daeac-6fb5-4922-87bc-c5ba2f290797_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGrossOutstandingEquityAwards" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding equity awards</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGrossOutstandingEquityAwards_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGrossOutstandingEquityAwards" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross, Outstanding Equity Awards</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGrossOutstandingEquityAwards_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGrossOutstandingEquityAwards" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to Acquire Businesses, Gross, Outstanding Equity Awards</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGrossOutstandingEquityAwards" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGrossOutstandingEquityAwards"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGrossOutstandingEquityAwards" xlink:to="lab_biib_PaymentsToAcquireBusinessesGrossOutstandingEquityAwards" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_Purchaseofcommonstock_36ad317a-a79d-40af-add5-03499158648f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_Purchaseofcommonstock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of common stock</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_Purchaseofcommonstock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_Purchaseofcommonstock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of common stock</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_Purchaseofcommonstock_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_Purchaseofcommonstock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of common stock</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_Purchaseofcommonstock" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_Purchaseofcommonstock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_Purchaseofcommonstock" xlink:to="lab_biib_Purchaseofcommonstock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems_c3b32bce-c103-44f1-b668-66c2bc97c1be_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_InterferonMember_9d091f6b-05ed-4391-92b0-70a5cbca23b7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_InterferonMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total Interferon</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_InterferonMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_InterferonMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Interferon [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_InterferonMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_InterferonMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Interferon</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_InterferonMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_InterferonMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_InterferonMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_InterferonMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_MeasureAxis_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_MeasureAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Measure:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_MeasureAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_MeasureAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Measure [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_MeasureAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_MeasureAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_MeasureAxis" xlink:to="lab_ecd_MeasureAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract_06c65fa9-8deb-466b-9eb3-371e30b440e0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Name</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding Recovery, Individual Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName" xlink:to="lab_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_a7544fa7-5dc5-4acb-a36f-88b0b1933803_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy_e6fa2e1e-9ca3-4af8-a3f0-1cc16908a8c8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Goodwill, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsGoodwillPolicy" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AdvertisingExpense_74b493d4-7ba2-4020-b24f-7d5b236691c2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdvertisingExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Advertising costs</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AdvertisingExpense_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdvertisingExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Advertising Expense</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AdvertisingExpense" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AdvertisingExpense"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AdvertisingExpense" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AdvertisingExpense" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentCostsPercentage_ae5af56d-c528-42e0-bedf-5f4b25c31c1e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentCostsPercentage" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Research and development costs, percentage</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentCostsPercentage_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentCostsPercentage" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Research and Development Costs, Percentage</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentCostsPercentage_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentCostsPercentage" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Research and Development Costs, Percentage</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentCostsPercentage" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentCostsPercentage"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentCostsPercentage" xlink:to="lab_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentCostsPercentage" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionContingentConsiderationLineItems_4015bcc9-239c-461a-9420-74ba7b16e42b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionContingentConsiderationLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Business Acquisition, Contingent Consideration [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionContingentConsiderationLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionContingentConsiderationLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Business Acquisition, Contingent Consideration [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionContingentConsiderationLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionContingentConsiderationLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionContingentConsiderationLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionContingentConsiderationLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_ad9a35e0-827a-4050-b088-238ff2a685fe_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Components of deferred tax assets and liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfDeferredTaxAssetsAndLiabilitiesTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SharesIssuedUnderEmployeeStockPurchasePlanTableTextBlock_6807cfb1-492b-492b-ad66-c7d8554dc65d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SharesIssuedUnderEmployeeStockPurchasePlanTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Shares issued under employee stock purchase plan</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTax_baae8bd2-1d1b-44aa-807d-c1dd2304023f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Unrealized gains (losses) on securities available for sale, net of tax</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_AuditorLocation" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AuditorLocation"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_AuditorLocation" xlink:to="lab_dei_AuditorLocation" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock_07494155-13dc-4839-bf59-56765986519f_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Employee Benefit Plans</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Retirement Benefits [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockTableTextBlock_afd9a0ab-38c8-4ecf-a128-c46d5b23d7c8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Performance stock units settled in stock activity</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Performance Stock Units Settled in Stock [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockTableTextBlock_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Performance Stock Units Settled in Stock [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockTableTextBlock" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanDisclosureLineItems_1d4454cd-373f-4d67-8596-7e51b9f87332_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanDisclosureLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanDisclosureLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanDisclosureLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Defined Contribution Plan Disclosure [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanDisclosureLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanDisclosureLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanDisclosureLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfVariableInterestEntitiesTable_b92e53e6-0f79-4623-80f9-a349d5b8deb6_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfVariableInterestEntitiesTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Variable Interest Entities [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfVariableInterestEntitiesTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfVariableInterestEntitiesTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Variable Interest Entities [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfVariableInterestEntitiesTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfVariableInterestEntitiesTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfVariableInterestEntitiesTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfVariableInterestEntitiesTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_45da38a4-ab5e-46d1-ac62-91525c626fa4_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_27faf013-24fb-4e9b-a844-86553fb7a97f_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash flow provided by (used in) investing activities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi_794ca794-5905-4878-ba1d-8cbdbb2d39e7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Securities, FV-NI, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossCashFlowHedgeGainLossReclassificationBeforeTax_0892a8bb-6bf4-4351-bd7b-95f37fd7900e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossCashFlowHedgeGainLossReclassificationBeforeTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net Gains/(Losses) Reclassified from AOCI into Operating Income (in millions)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossCashFlowHedgeGainLossReclassificationBeforeTax_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossCashFlowHedgeGainLossReclassificationBeforeTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Cash Flow Hedge, Gain (Loss), Reclassification, before Tax</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossCashFlowHedgeGainLossReclassificationBeforeTax" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossCashFlowHedgeGainLossReclassificationBeforeTax"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossCashFlowHedgeGainLossReclassificationBeforeTax" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossCashFlowHedgeGainLossReclassificationBeforeTax" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_InterestInSubsidiary_e6a4ef0b-baa6-4d64-ac51-e9c26f09c976_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_InterestInSubsidiary" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Interest in subsidiary (less than given percentage)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_InterestInSubsidiary_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_InterestInSubsidiary" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Interest In Subsidiary</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_InterestInSubsidiary_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_InterestInSubsidiary" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Interest in subsidiary.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_InterestInSubsidiary" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_InterestInSubsidiary"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_InterestInSubsidiary" xlink:to="lab_biib_InterestInSubsidiary" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToCollaborationWithCompanyEightTableTextBlockTableTextBlock_e5646436-8c7f-49f0-bf6a-2f7be75174e9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToCollaborationWithCompanyEightTableTextBlockTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Summary of activity related to BAN2401 and Elenbecestat collaboration</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToCollaborationWithCompanyEightTableTextBlockTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToCollaborationWithCompanyEightTableTextBlockTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Summary Of Activity Related To Collaboration With Company Eight [Table Text Block] [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToCollaborationWithCompanyEightTableTextBlockTableTextBlock_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToCollaborationWithCompanyEightTableTextBlockTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Summary Of Activity Related To Collaboration With Company Eight [Table Text Block] [Table Text Block]</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToCollaborationWithCompanyEightTableTextBlockTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToCollaborationWithCompanyEightTableTextBlockTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis_dee853b9-6a34-4d1c-b8dc-8455db4fcc49_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_country_DE_0891c0fc-1788-4f04-9e4b-da7b3d968fb8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_country_DE" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Germany</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_country_DE_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_country_DE" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">GERMANY</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_country_DE" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2023/country-2023.xsd#country_DE"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_country_DE" xlink:to="lab_country_DE" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_NeurimmuneMember_54a89bc2-442b-43d1-a07c-6664fa9dd030_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NeurimmuneMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Neurimmune</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_NeurimmuneMember_c29f1139-4f23-45cc-80b6-90018c04b241_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NeurimmuneMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Neurimmune</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_NeurimmuneMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NeurimmuneMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Neurimmune [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_NeurimmuneMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NeurimmuneMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Neurimmune.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_NeurimmuneMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_NeurimmuneMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_NeurimmuneMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_NeurimmuneMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding Aggregate Erroneous Compensation Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding Aggregate Erroneous Compensation Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt" xlink:to="lab_ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfDebt_fb2f6577-264b-4d83-b71c-172faf014537_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfDebt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate cash payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfDebt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfDebt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Repayments of Debt</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfDebt" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfDebt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_E2609andBAN2401Member_a2c71fb7-2a26-4a86-987c-6a79a5e9958b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_E2609andBAN2401Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">E2609 and BAN2401</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_E2609andBAN2401Member_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_E2609andBAN2401Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">E2609 and BAN2401 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_E2609andBAN2401Member_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_E2609andBAN2401Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">E2609 and BAN2401 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_E2609andBAN2401Member" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_E2609andBAN2401Member"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_E2609andBAN2401Member" xlink:to="lab_biib_E2609andBAN2401Member" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeDomain_13fd80e4-3ff4-4a78-864c-6d725aabb6de_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Measurement Input Type [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Measurement Input Type [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_MeasurementInputTypeDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ComputerSoftwareAndHardware_2fae8523-02da-4830-b644-d48bb390efb6_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ComputerSoftwareAndHardware" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Computer software and hardware</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ComputerSoftwareAndHardware_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ComputerSoftwareAndHardware" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Computer software and hardware</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ComputerSoftwareAndHardware_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ComputerSoftwareAndHardware" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Computer software and hardware</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_ComputerSoftwareAndHardware" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_ComputerSoftwareAndHardware"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_ComputerSoftwareAndHardware" xlink:to="lab_biib_ComputerSoftwareAndHardware" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis_f0d89375-8258-4d03-ae87-8bd44d3da9dd_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Credit Facility [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Credit Facility [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfMaturitiesOfLongTermDebtTableTextBlock_b6dabd8a-a488-4e01-8c4c-d114a1bf1282_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfMaturitiesOfLongTermDebtTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total debt maturities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfMaturitiesOfLongTermDebtTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfMaturitiesOfLongTermDebtTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Maturities of Long-Term Debt [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfMaturitiesOfLongTermDebtTableTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfMaturitiesOfLongTermDebtTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfMaturitiesOfLongTermDebtTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfMaturitiesOfLongTermDebtTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Liabilities_594738d3-ea5f-4ca6-b40d-3243d222120f_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Liabilities_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_Liabilities"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_12667486-e340-4ed4-93f4-57cc943b4d81_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total current</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Current Income Tax Expense (Benefit)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CurrentIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate_a7061e85-bdd1-45a7-9845-e43cd49b4369_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Range of expected stock price volatility</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Expected Volatility Rate</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRate" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain_254be056-2139-4eaf-918d-c37de7967ad2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Measurement Frequency [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Measurement Frequency [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock_d3408a85-56b2-4a7d-a68c-48d5ef2a2075_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Property, Plant and Equipment</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Property, Plant and Equipment Disclosure [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis_d5cf330e-2824-4383-b5d1-e440ce4276f1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Title of Individual [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Title of Individual [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-2023.xsd#srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:to="lab_srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted [Flag]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:to="lab_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInProcessResearchAndDevelopment_6b8d572e-91a4-4f31-8359-ff311a86a3bf_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInProcessResearchAndDevelopment" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">IRC Section 174 capitalized research and development</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInProcessResearchAndDevelopment_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInProcessResearchAndDevelopment" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Tax Assets, in Process Research and Development</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInProcessResearchAndDevelopment" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInProcessResearchAndDevelopment"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInProcessResearchAndDevelopment" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsInProcessResearchAndDevelopment" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CollaborationProfitSharingMember_03c4a1b8-b63b-4c45-a8c7-f4a6150755eb_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CollaborationProfitSharingMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration profit sharing</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CollaborationProfitSharingMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CollaborationProfitSharingMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration Profit Sharing [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CollaborationProfitSharingMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CollaborationProfitSharingMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration Profit Sharing</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_CollaborationProfitSharingMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_CollaborationProfitSharingMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_CollaborationProfitSharingMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_CollaborationProfitSharingMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTypeDomain_a7299d1a-96fe-4f6b-88f9-33eaed6f5fd8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTypeDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Property, Plant and Equipment, Type [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTypeDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTypeDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Long-Lived Tangible Asset [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTypeDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTypeDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTypeDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentTypeDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_Collaborationexpensesaccrual_e384dc1c-d017-4634-8be1-9a88b724f914_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_Collaborationexpensesaccrual" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_Collaborationexpensesaccrual_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_Collaborationexpensesaccrual" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration expenses accrual</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_Collaborationexpensesaccrual_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_Collaborationexpensesaccrual" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration expenses accrual</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_Collaborationexpensesaccrual" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_Collaborationexpensesaccrual"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_Collaborationexpensesaccrual" xlink:to="lab_biib_Collaborationexpensesaccrual" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValuesDerivativesBalanceSheetLocationByDerivativeContractTypeByHedgingDesignationTable_5350ff2a-dda0-4fec-b804-aed844d4cd8f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValuesDerivativesBalanceSheetLocationByDerivativeContractTypeByHedgingDesignationTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Values Derivatives, Balance Sheet Location, by Derivative Contract Type [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValuesDerivativesBalanceSheetLocationByDerivativeContractTypeByHedgingDesignationTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValuesDerivativesBalanceSheetLocationByDerivativeContractTypeByHedgingDesignationTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Values Derivatives, Balance Sheet Location, by Derivative Contract Type [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValuesDerivativesBalanceSheetLocationByDerivativeContractTypeByHedgingDesignationTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_FairValuesDerivativesBalanceSheetLocationByDerivativeContractTypeByHedgingDesignationTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValuesDerivativesBalanceSheetLocationByDerivativeContractTypeByHedgingDesignationTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValuesDerivativesBalanceSheetLocationByDerivativeContractTypeByHedgingDesignationTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_country_CH_67eb7d71-7ad8-4b66-98c3-7103e493f666_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_country_CH" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Switzerland</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_country_CH_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_country_CH" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">SWITZERLAND</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_country_CH" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2023/country-2023.xsd#country_CH"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_country_CH" xlink:to="lab_country_CH" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SellingAndMarketingExpense_85b5020f-49c7-495a-b4e9-1a796175a917_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SellingAndMarketingExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Sales and marketing expense</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_EmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember_5ec6a3a7-62a8-403e-8ecf-868e28b1aeba_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_EmployeeStockPurchasePlanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Employee stock purchase plan</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTableTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Awards Close in Time to MNPI Disclosures, Table</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_DeferredTaxAssetsCounterpartyTaxBasisInAsset_58852d65-ef43-4e5b-9e2e-ad2cbb12e67d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DeferredTaxAssetsCounterpartyTaxBasisInAsset" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Neurimmune's tax basis in ADUHELM</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit_9d18b60d-0b11-49c9-b65c-feb2d14a9692_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CurrentStateAndLocalTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">State</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_8ac6c222-f457-4390-b6ed-b082aeecbeb1_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total current assets</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_AnalysisOfAmountOfAndChangeInProductRevenueReservesTableTextBlock_db37f529-92cf-4722-b18c-dccd6eae12e8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AnalysisOfAmountOfAndChangeInProductRevenueReservesTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Analysis of change in reserves</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost_f7d290ed-2519-4e4d-b402-a864ea37c7ad_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanNetPeriodicBenefitCost" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Periodic pension cost</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetImpairmentCharges_5a8346e3-494c-450b-93d6-2f4ae06dad62_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetImpairmentCharges" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Impairment of assets</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability_d95110d7-61db-43d2-8b5b-073901a5085b_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiability" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Contingent consideration obligations</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_2de14a48-8b4c-489d-a346-36dfd9b9f500_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other (income) expense</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FurnitureAndFixturesMember_f978ae9d-2de6-4f66-a1fa-76a972b48c94_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FurnitureAndFixturesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Furniture and Fixtures</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardTmgHowMnpiCnsdrdTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardTmgHowMnpiCnsdrdTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Award Timing, How MNPI Considered</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LeaseContractualTermDomain_5b1f3c20-bfc2-4cc7-85d1-670a3bcd3c0f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LeaseContractualTermDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lease Arrangement, Type [Domain]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock_e0ccfa72-65c4-4b52-9b27-87ceec4abbac_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Investments in Variable Interest Entities</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentByTypeAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_70c45393-e985-4d53-831c-0c7360c51aad_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, Shares Issued</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_b299d86d-c7cc-414e-a1eb-2be59064a00f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill_d6840afe-b5a5-4259-b187-f9a845c4cf42_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible assets, net</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill_f8bdf38a-89c6-40c5-8dee-8ba92fbade6f_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible Assets, Net (Excluding Goodwill)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwill"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_SolothurnSwitzerlandMember_7a6a43e6-ca6d-4f35-9f05-c909f1af44b8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SolothurnSwitzerlandMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Solothurn, Switzerland</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SolothurnSwitzerlandMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SolothurnSwitzerlandMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Solothurn, Switzerland [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SolothurnSwitzerlandMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SolothurnSwitzerlandMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Solothurn [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_SolothurnSwitzerlandMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_SolothurnSwitzerlandMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_SolothurnSwitzerlandMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_SolothurnSwitzerlandMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_OtherMember_5d2122b7-bfa9-43bc-88d9-49cc2067eeb1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_OtherMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_OtherMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_OtherMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_OtherMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_OtherMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_OtherMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_OtherMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_OtherMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_OtherMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedContingentLiability_58385bed-158f-434b-861a-dbdc7278d02f_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedContingentLiability" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Contingent payable to blackstone</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedContingentLiability" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedContingentLiability"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LossContingencyInformationAboutLitigationMattersAbstract_318b57a0-aee4-406d-84ba-af187b8a95be_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LossContingencyInformationAboutLitigationMattersAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Loss Contingency, Information about Litigation Matters [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LossContingencyInformationAboutLitigationMattersAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LossContingencyInformationAboutLitigationMattersAbstract"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_FacilityTypeAxis_c2209dd2-1f7c-4f32-9772-0ca18c122232_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FacilityTypeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Facility Type [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FacilityTypeAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FacilityTypeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Facility Type [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FacilityTypeAxis_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FacilityTypeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Facility Type</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_FacilityTypeAxis" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_FacilityTypeAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_FacilityTypeAxis" xlink:to="lab_biib_FacilityTypeAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AcceleratedDepreciationAndOtherCostsMember_021700fc-a6a7-4aa9-871c-019a401a584e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AcceleratedDepreciationAndOtherCostsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accelerated Depreciation and Other Costs</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AcceleratedDepreciationAndOtherCostsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AcceleratedDepreciationAndOtherCostsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accelerated Depreciation And Other Costs [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AcceleratedDepreciationAndOtherCostsMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AcceleratedDepreciationAndOtherCostsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accelerated Depreciation And Other Costs</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_AcceleratedDepreciationAndOtherCostsMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_AcceleratedDepreciationAndOtherCostsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_AcceleratedDepreciationAndOtherCostsMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_AcceleratedDepreciationAndOtherCostsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentGoodwill_550ad58d-b2bc-402a-a3d7-50585b5f66f8_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentGoodwill" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Measurement Period Adjustments, Goodwill</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentGoodwill_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentGoodwill" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combination, Provisional Information, Initial Accounting Incomplete, Adjustment, Goodwill</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentGoodwill_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentGoodwill" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combination, Provisional Information, Initial Accounting Incomplete, Adjustment, Goodwill</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentGoodwill" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentGoodwill"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentGoodwill" xlink:to="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentGoodwill" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_aea61b37-d734-4d20-909f-1f4cc2292fdd_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible assets:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Finite-Lived Intangibles</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedIntangibles" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_b5abf4bb-7a34-4754-800e-57ee33f62bfe_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">2024</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid, Year One</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextTwelveMonths" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_GovernmentSecuritiesNonCurrentMember_66fbe70e-4df3-4142-a286-119155dd0ebf_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_GovernmentSecuritiesNonCurrentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Government securities Non-current</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_GovernmentSecuritiesNonCurrentMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_GovernmentSecuritiesNonCurrentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Government Securities Non-current [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_GovernmentSecuritiesNonCurrentMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_GovernmentSecuritiesNonCurrentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Government Securities Non Current.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_GovernmentSecuritiesNonCurrentMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_GovernmentSecuritiesNonCurrentMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_GovernmentSecuritiesNonCurrentMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_GovernmentSecuritiesNonCurrentMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PvpTableTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PvpTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Pay vs Performance Disclosure, Table</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PvpTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PvpTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Pay vs Performance [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_PvpTableTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_PvpTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_PvpTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_PvpTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_9d226bac-b990-4957-870f-44ea7978a408_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Antidilutive Securities [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Antidilutive Securities [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareByAntidilutiveSecuritiesAxis"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TrdArrIndTitle_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TrdArrIndTitle" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Title</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_NumberOfOphthalmolgyBiosimilarProductsExclusiveRights_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NumberOfOphthalmolgyBiosimilarProductsExclusiveRights" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Number of Ophthalmolgy Biosimilar Products, Exclusive Rights</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_NumeratorAbstract_78824c4d-f5ab-404e-b641-261303e5f381_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NumeratorAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Numerator:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_NumeratorAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NumeratorAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Numerator [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_NumeratorAbstract_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NumeratorAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Numerator.</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_cee5efc6-6ef3-41f7-8160-1b8a570155ac_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecuritiesNoncurrent_e7b54c37-de0e-4a9e-99e7-920b2d6b5ea4_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecuritiesNoncurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Marketable securities</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecuritiesNoncurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecuritiesNoncurrent"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetOfTax_68982e7c-dfec-4818-bf18-70600f0f9b49_negatedLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Unrealized gains (losses) on pension benefit obligation, net of tax</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_IndividualAxis_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_IndividualAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Individual:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_IndividualAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_IndividualAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Individual [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_IndividualAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_IndividualAxis"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis_ab882e91-a7d5-4cb4-8d69-0c1b5ba662ce_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves Type [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves Type [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesTypeAxis"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_a9b95dc4-fb72-4d11-9465-41f709b954ae_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_Collaborationprofitlosssharing_49e5ed1a-758e-47d6-94da-99d1e6f81fc4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_Collaborationprofitlosssharing" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration profit (loss) sharing</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_Collaborationprofitlosssharing_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_Collaborationprofitlosssharing" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration profit (loss) sharing</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_Collaborationprofitlosssharing_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_Collaborationprofitlosssharing" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration profit (loss) sharing</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_Collaborationprofitlosssharing" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_Collaborationprofitlosssharing"/>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsReductionsResultingFromLapseOfApplicableStatuteOfLimitations" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsReductionsResultingFromLapseOfApplicableStatuteOfLimitations"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RoyaltyMember_35ade591-5327-4c4a-9f7a-85458da0bd4f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RoyaltyMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Royalty and other revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RoyaltyMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RoyaltyMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Royalty [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RoyaltyMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_RoyaltyMember"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationDomain_38edc952-9ab3-43ca-95f6-73a89c2b8ebc_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income Statement Location [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationDomain_f010ca82-6046-4bb1-a6a3-30c0e3d4dd5e_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income Statement Location [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income Statement Location [Domain]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentsAllOtherInvestmentsAbstract_44ee3f56-bee3-4a8e-a72f-622cd4081320_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentsAllOtherInvestmentsAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Investments, All Other Investments [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesSingleMaturityDateAbstract_03ccf9c6-88d1-46a6-a0c9-b59c39ed4b4a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesSingleMaturityDateAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Estimated Fair&#160;Value</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_665e9b54-d0e8-4d66-831b-bb9361991600_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Property, plant and equipment, net</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_d2d881e3-731f-4816-b09f-eecda1457a6f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_CurrentPortionOfNotesPayableAndTermLoanMember_6ea5b00c-478c-4be0-b960-68bbf1d88e1a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CurrentPortionOfNotesPayableAndTermLoanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Current portion of notes payable and term loan</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CurrentPortionOfNotesPayableAndTermLoanMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CurrentPortionOfNotesPayableAndTermLoanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Current Portion Of Notes Payable And Term Loan [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CurrentPortionOfNotesPayableAndTermLoanMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CurrentPortionOfNotesPayableAndTermLoanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Current Portion Of Notes Payable And Term Loan</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_CurrentPortionOfNotesPayableAndTermLoanMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_CurrentPortionOfNotesPayableAndTermLoanMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_CurrentPortionOfNotesPayableAndTermLoanMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_CurrentPortionOfNotesPayableAndTermLoanMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FutureContingentPaymentThreshold_1853d987-3658-47b2-925a-2b47fa1bca4c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FutureContingentPaymentThreshold" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Future contingent payment threshold</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FutureContingentPaymentThreshold_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FutureContingentPaymentThreshold" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Future Contingent Payment Threshold</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FutureContingentPaymentThreshold_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FutureContingentPaymentThreshold" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Future Contingent Payment Threshold</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_FutureContingentPaymentThreshold" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_FutureContingentPaymentThreshold"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_FutureContingentPaymentThreshold" xlink:to="lab_biib_FutureContingentPaymentThreshold" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationDispositionOfBusiness_a8d5df65-4815-4dc2-a19b-65391aa36fd0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationDispositionOfBusiness" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Sale of Samsung Bioepis</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationDispositionOfBusiness_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationDispositionOfBusiness" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Disposition of Business, Percent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationDispositionOfBusiness" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationDispositionOfBusiness"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid_9c26ce8f-dd25-4542-83c4-70d176b4404c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income taxes paid</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income Taxes Paid</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaid" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock_f11387ee-0202-4f8d-a5e5-cde4ed9d242b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Consolidation</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Consolidation, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ConsolidationPolicyTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList_fd17265a-6869-4232-b0dd-cc9dcc3cbbae_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible List]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_RituxanMember_4ddc2eab-cc69-4cdd-9ff7-a62dd253601e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_RituxanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">RITUXAN</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_RituxanMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_RituxanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">RITUXAN [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_RituxanMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_RituxanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">RITUXAN.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_RituxanMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_RituxanMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_RituxanMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_RituxanMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_WarehouseUtilitiesAndSupportSpaceMember_fe0d38ff-7e3e-43fb-a941-fba268622c29_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_WarehouseUtilitiesAndSupportSpaceMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Warehouse, Utilities and Support Space</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_WarehouseUtilitiesAndSupportSpaceMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_WarehouseUtilitiesAndSupportSpaceMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Warehouse, Utilities and Support Space [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_WarehouseUtilitiesAndSupportSpaceMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_WarehouseUtilitiesAndSupportSpaceMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Warehouse, Utilities and Support Space</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_WarehouseUtilitiesAndSupportSpaceMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_WarehouseUtilitiesAndSupportSpaceMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_WarehouseUtilitiesAndSupportSpaceMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_WarehouseUtilitiesAndSupportSpaceMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PaymentsToAcquireInProcessResearchAndDevelopmentOperatingActivities_e5ce9649-16e6-4bf6-9acd-9df541200eb5_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PaymentsToAcquireInProcessResearchAndDevelopmentOperatingActivities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Acquired in-process research and development</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PaymentsToAcquireInProcessResearchAndDevelopmentOperatingActivities_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PaymentsToAcquireInProcessResearchAndDevelopmentOperatingActivities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to Acquire in Process Research and Development, Operating Activities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PaymentsToAcquireInProcessResearchAndDevelopmentOperatingActivities_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PaymentsToAcquireInProcessResearchAndDevelopmentOperatingActivities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to Acquire in Process Research and Development, Operating Activities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_PaymentsToAcquireInProcessResearchAndDevelopmentOperatingActivities" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_PaymentsToAcquireInProcessResearchAndDevelopmentOperatingActivities"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_PaymentsToAcquireInProcessResearchAndDevelopmentOperatingActivities" xlink:to="lab_biib_PaymentsToAcquireInProcessResearchAndDevelopmentOperatingActivities" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_RelatedPartyCostsChangeOfControlReductionInCostSharingPercentage_9473e04a-158b-4fc6-bc66-177af6df6c55_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_RelatedPartyCostsChangeOfControlReductionInCostSharingPercentage" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Related cost-sharing reduction (as a percentage)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_RelatedPartyCostsChangeOfControlReductionInCostSharingPercentage_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_RelatedPartyCostsChangeOfControlReductionInCostSharingPercentage" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Related Party Costs, Change Of Control, Reduction In Cost Sharing, Percentage</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_RelatedPartyCostsChangeOfControlReductionInCostSharingPercentage_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_RelatedPartyCostsChangeOfControlReductionInCostSharingPercentage" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Related Party Costs, Change Of Control, Reduction In Cost Sharing, Percentage</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_RelatedPartyCostsChangeOfControlReductionInCostSharingPercentage" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_RelatedPartyCostsChangeOfControlReductionInCostSharingPercentage"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_RelatedPartyCostsChangeOfControlReductionInCostSharingPercentage" xlink:to="lab_biib_RelatedPartyCostsChangeOfControlReductionInCostSharingPercentage" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentTransitionReport_fd610aa9-ecaf-4648-a238-e9212d9edb25_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Document Transition Report</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentTransitionReport_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Document Transition Report</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentTransitionReport"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:to="lab_dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Award Timing Predetermined</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Award Timing Predetermined [Flag]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTable_ea454e96-86f2-41b8-8567-410c6bb31f8d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Business Acquisitions, by Acquisition [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Business Acquisitions, by Acquisition [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfBusinessAcquisitionsByAcquisitionTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityPublicFloat_625f8353-d574-4a68-977b-d6085e980dba_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Public Float</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems_adbc54a3-0ec8-423e-9ca5-a97b4db73270_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract_a72ba040-6985-4752-ace8-803863e31cc6_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveYearsFairValue_6e8238f3-ea12-4e36-b27e-53cc45e16666_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveYearsFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Due after five years</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveYearsFairValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveYearsFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Available For Sale Securities Debt Maturities After Five Years Fair Value</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveYearsFairValue_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveYearsFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">This item represents the fair value of debt securities, which are expected to mature after five years from the balance sheet date and which are categorized neither as held-to-maturity nor trading securities.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveYearsFairValue" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveYearsFairValue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveYearsFairValue" xlink:to="lab_biib_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveYearsFairValue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_e37c0e7d-ee2d-42e0-8c92-e63840578bfd_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Derivative Instrument [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Derivative Instrument [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DerivativeInstrumentRiskAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount_e56002b1-26ea-404f-a903-51cb381e27f1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Valuation allowance increase (decrease)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Valuation Allowance, Deferred Tax Asset, Increase (Decrease), Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ValuationAllowanceDeferredTaxAssetChangeInAmount"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount_e2bd9f5b-8dbd-4f1f-bfc9-73a7b40e043f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Long-term debt, gross</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount_059b2558-c8f9-483c-a153-f6df15977ea1_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Notes payable and term loan</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Long-Term Debt, Gross</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentCarryingAmount" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AllTradingArrangementsMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AllTradingArrangementsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">All Trading Arrangements</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AllTradingArrangementsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AllTradingArrangementsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">All Trading Arrangements [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AllTradingArrangementsMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_AllTradingArrangementsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllTradingArrangementsMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AllTradingArrangementsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearAmortizedCost_33fc6dac-a98d-4830-be8c-9b3cea8953a6_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearAmortizedCost" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Due in one year or less</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearAmortizedCost_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearAmortizedCost" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost, Maturity, Allocated and Single Maturity Date, Year One</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearAmortizedCost" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearAmortizedCost"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearAmortizedCost" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearAmortizedCost" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">All Adjustments to Compensation</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">All Adjustments to Compensation [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_AllAdjToCompMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward_7d7189e1-c5f9-4612-a430-f9c88cb9c785_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring Reserve [Roll Forward]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringReserveRollForward" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValueOutstanding_f5f3c4ee-03ab-438b-8b14-9dbfe74e7644_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValueOutstanding" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, par value $0.0005 per share</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValueOutstanding_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValueOutstanding" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Value, Outstanding</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockValueOutstanding" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValueOutstanding"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockValueOutstanding" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValueOutstanding" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AssumptionsUsedInValuationOfMarketBasedStockUnitsTableTextBlock_4779be8a-ffc2-4e2e-8475-3920bbf4051a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AssumptionsUsedInValuationOfMarketBasedStockUnitsTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Assumptions used in valuation of market based stock units</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AssumptionsUsedInValuationOfMarketBasedStockUnitsTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AssumptionsUsedInValuationOfMarketBasedStockUnitsTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Assumptions Used In Valuation Of Market Based Stock Units [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AssumptionsUsedInValuationOfMarketBasedStockUnitsTableTextBlock_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AssumptionsUsedInValuationOfMarketBasedStockUnitsTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Assumptions used in valuation of market based stock units.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_AssumptionsUsedInValuationOfMarketBasedStockUnitsTableTextBlock" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_AssumptionsUsedInValuationOfMarketBasedStockUnitsTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_AssumptionsUsedInValuationOfMarketBasedStockUnitsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_biib_AssumptionsUsedInValuationOfMarketBasedStockUnitsTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CorporateDebtSecuritiesCurrentMember_b34c2191-0890-48b4-920e-0b2c2864b482_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CorporateDebtSecuritiesCurrentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate debt securities Current</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CorporateDebtSecuritiesCurrentMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CorporateDebtSecuritiesCurrentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate Debt Securities Current [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CorporateDebtSecuritiesCurrentMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CorporateDebtSecuritiesCurrentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate debt securities Current.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_CorporateDebtSecuritiesCurrentMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_CorporateDebtSecuritiesCurrentMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_CorporateDebtSecuritiesCurrentMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_CorporateDebtSecuritiesCurrentMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFairValueDisclosure_33c8856b-8ca1-4adc-a0bd-7d271b76c302_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible asset, fair value</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFairValueDisclosure_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Fair Value Disclosure</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFairValueDisclosure"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding Recovery Compensation Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt" xlink:to="lab_ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfShortTermDebtMaturingInMoreThanThreeMonths_28265778-7dce-4040-b0cf-14029b217b9e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfShortTermDebtMaturingInMoreThanThreeMonths" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Repayments of short-term debt, maturing in more than three months</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfShortTermDebtMaturingInMoreThanThreeMonths_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfShortTermDebtMaturingInMoreThanThreeMonths" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Repayments of Short-Term Debt, Maturing in More than Three Months</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfShortTermDebtMaturingInMoreThanThreeMonths" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_RepaymentsOfShortTermDebtMaturingInMoreThanThreeMonths"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfShortTermDebtMaturingInMoreThanThreeMonths" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfShortTermDebtMaturingInMoreThanThreeMonths" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PercentageOfCoPromotionOperatingProfitsGreaterThanFirstFiftyMillionOptionTwoSubOptionTwo_a0bc4d16-8f9e-40f5-8146-25a80954071f_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PercentageOfCoPromotionOperatingProfitsGreaterThanFirstFiftyMillionOptionTwoSubOptionTwo" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">After LUNSUMIO Approval until the First Threshold Date</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PercentageOfCoPromotionOperatingProfitsGreaterThanFirstFiftyMillionOptionTwoSubOptionTwo_c0ad923b-4445-476e-852f-595f3ca8e728_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PercentageOfCoPromotionOperatingProfitsGreaterThanFirstFiftyMillionOptionTwoSubOptionTwo" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Until Second GAZYVA Threshold Date</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PercentageOfCoPromotionOperatingProfitsGreaterThanFirstFiftyMillionOptionTwoSubOptionTwo_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PercentageOfCoPromotionOperatingProfitsGreaterThanFirstFiftyMillionOptionTwoSubOptionTwo" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage Of Co Promotion Operating Profits Greater Than First Fifty Million Option Two Sub Option Two</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PercentageOfCoPromotionOperatingProfitsGreaterThanFirstFiftyMillionOptionTwoSubOptionTwo_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PercentageOfCoPromotionOperatingProfitsGreaterThanFirstFiftyMillionOptionTwoSubOptionTwo" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage of co promotion operating profits greater than first fifty million option two sub option two.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_PercentageOfCoPromotionOperatingProfitsGreaterThanFirstFiftyMillionOptionTwoSubOptionTwo" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_PercentageOfCoPromotionOperatingProfitsGreaterThanFirstFiftyMillionOptionTwoSubOptionTwo"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_PercentageOfCoPromotionOperatingProfitsGreaterThanFirstFiftyMillionOptionTwoSubOptionTwo" xlink:to="lab_biib_PercentageOfCoPromotionOperatingProfitsGreaterThanFirstFiftyMillionOptionTwoSubOptionTwo" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnTerminationOfLease_8339a226-b238-44cc-b2a9-feef91652b09_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnTerminationOfLease" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Gain (Loss) on Termination of Lease</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SalesReturnsAndAllowancesMember_f7b8100c-e000-404a-aa3b-c0404199de23_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SalesReturnsAndAllowancesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Returns</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract_566c8f18-8177-47cd-89ec-c78f43bfa50e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_64527587-0bf4-47da-b0b3-5d8328959680_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Forfeited (in dollars per share)</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsPolicy_03fbaf21-aa84-45de-9809-87fcfcd83c60_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsPolicy" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Method of Accounting</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsPolicy_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsPolicy" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Method Investments [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsPolicy" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsPolicy"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsPolicy" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsPolicy" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AcquiredAndInLicensedRightsAndPatentsMember_1eb677e9-aae5-4699-b3c2-13357805f678_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AcquiredAndInLicensedRightsAndPatentsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Acquired and in-licensed rights and patents</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AcquiredAndInLicensedRightsAndPatentsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AcquiredAndInLicensedRightsAndPatentsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Acquired And In Licensed Rights And Patents [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AcquiredAndInLicensedRightsAndPatentsMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AcquiredAndInLicensedRightsAndPatentsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Acquired And In Licensed Rights And Patents</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_AcquiredAndInLicensedRightsAndPatentsMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_AcquiredAndInLicensedRightsAndPatentsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_AcquiredAndInLicensedRightsAndPatentsMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_AcquiredAndInLicensedRightsAndPatentsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalInNextTwelveMonths_a29f842c-e283-4ce3-8b30-dbee9ff50535_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalInNextTwelveMonths" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">2024</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalInNextTwelveMonths_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalInNextTwelveMonths" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Long-Term Debt, Maturity, Year One</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalInNextTwelveMonths" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalInNextTwelveMonths"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_AcordaMember_3bcd140f-d051-4ac4-951c-6366a4d0c80a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AcordaMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Acorda</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AcordaMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AcordaMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Acorda [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AcordaMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AcordaMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Acorda.</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_AverageStockPriceOnGrantDateInDollarsMaximum_22a398a0-2fc2-4312-80f2-aaa274ba20cd_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AverageStockPriceOnGrantDateInDollarsMaximum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Average stock price on grant date maximum</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AverageStockPriceOnGrantDateInDollarsMaximum_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AverageStockPriceOnGrantDateInDollarsMaximum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Average Stock Price On Grant Date In Dollars Maximum</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AverageStockPriceOnGrantDateInDollarsMaximum_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AverageStockPriceOnGrantDateInDollarsMaximum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Average stock price on grant date in dollars maximum.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_AverageStockPriceOnGrantDateInDollarsMaximum" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_AverageStockPriceOnGrantDateInDollarsMaximum"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_AverageStockPriceOnGrantDateInDollarsMaximum" xlink:to="lab_biib_AverageStockPriceOnGrantDateInDollarsMaximum" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesTradingAndEquitySecuritiesFvNiCostAbstract_3a240ffc-80a6-44cc-9fce-742d602a3f37_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesTradingAndEquitySecuritiesFvNiCostAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Marketable equity securities:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesTradingAndEquitySecuritiesFvNiCostAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesTradingAndEquitySecuritiesFvNiCostAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Trading, and Equity Securities, FV-NI, Cost [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentGross_cd6932fe-ca29-43a9-a2fd-e366406be9d9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentGross" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Machinery and equipment</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentGross_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentGross" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Machinery and Equipment, Gross</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentGross" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentGross"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentGross" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_MachineryAndEquipmentGross" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements_278e8af7-92b8-4e74-a7ef-847cd503e50d_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Dilutive securities (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Incremental Common Shares Attributable to Dilutive Effect of Share-Based Payment Arrangements</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToShareBasedPaymentArrangements"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_cd5b9aba-5dbb-40e7-9b8b-f91de2c72520_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net unrealized (gains) losses recognized on equity securities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Securities, FV-NI, Unrealized Gain (Loss)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment_b2c14859-e62b-40bf-a030-651f97907cc7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from divestiture of Hiller&#248;d, Denmark manufacturing operations</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from Sale of Property, Plant, and Equipment</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfPropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock_d9481192-9c0d-4e94-8c37-0b82e56e2b95_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Documents Incorporated by Reference</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Documents Incorporated by Reference [Text Block]</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCredits_7083e107-bd10-42d7-b522-b3a1ee5608e4_negatedLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTaxCredits" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Tax credits</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_DeferredtaxliabilitiesGILTItaxcalculation_9fe0d391-5c76-4ba9-9b09-7ebfa1c48bb8_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DeferredtaxliabilitiesGILTItaxcalculation" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">GILTI</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DeferredtaxliabilitiesGILTItaxcalculation_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DeferredtaxliabilitiesGILTItaxcalculation" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax liabilities, GILTI tax calculation</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DeferredtaxliabilitiesGILTItaxcalculation_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DeferredtaxliabilitiesGILTItaxcalculation" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax liabilities, GILTI tax calculation</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_DeferredtaxliabilitiesGILTItaxcalculation" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_DeferredtaxliabilitiesGILTItaxcalculation"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring_40016730-57d6-498e-ae47-4ffdc0d704a6_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Payment</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsForRestructuring" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_2f269ef4-3e07-450f-9a33-44dd0c761a69_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_AmortizationandImpairmentofAcquiredIntangibleAssets_45c94646-2066-4408-9fc7-902f0b4a2f09_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AmortizationandImpairmentofAcquiredIntangibleAssets" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization and impairment of acquired intangible assets</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_AmortizationandImpairmentofAcquiredIntangibleAssets_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AmortizationandImpairmentofAcquiredIntangibleAssets" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization and Impairment of Acquired Intangible Assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_AmortizationandImpairmentofAcquiredIntangibleAssets" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_AmortizationandImpairmentofAcquiredIntangibleAssets"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_AmortizationandImpairmentofAcquiredIntangibleAssets" xlink:to="lab_biib_AmortizationandImpairmentofAcquiredIntangibleAssets" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Adoption Date</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Arrangement Adoption Date</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate" xlink:to="lab_ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SalesMember_5837d89a-f025-4b84-900c-8b555f0bff7b_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SalesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SalesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SalesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Sales [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SalesMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_SalesMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SalesMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SalesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PeriodOfCollaborationAgreement_762d5b43-5027-4815-9488-8f862b0ec91c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PeriodOfCollaborationAgreement" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration agreement term</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PeriodOfCollaborationAgreement_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PeriodOfCollaborationAgreement" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Period Of Collaboration Agreement</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PeriodOfCollaborationAgreement_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PeriodOfCollaborationAgreement" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Period Of Collaboration Agreement</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_PeriodOfCollaborationAgreement" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_PeriodOfCollaborationAgreement"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_PeriodOfCollaborationAgreement" xlink:to="lab_biib_PeriodOfCollaborationAgreement" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember_1da2f64d-6b28-42f6-be36-1c916bcb7c53_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury stock</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock, Common [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CollaborationProfitLossSharing_b1b73f2b-2f81-4186-8041-c0427a9f0e59_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CollaborationProfitLossSharing" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration profit sharing/(loss reimbursement)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CollaborationProfitLossSharing_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CollaborationProfitLossSharing" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration Profit (Loss) Sharing</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CollaborationProfitLossSharing_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CollaborationProfitLossSharing" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Payments are made to Elan for their share of rest of world net operating profits to effect an equal sharing of collaboration operating profit. These payments include the reimbursement of our portion of third-party royalties that Elan pays on behalf of the collaboration, relating to sales outside of the U.S. These amounts are reflected in the collaboration profit sharing line in our consolidated statement of income. As sales of TYSABRI outside the U.S. increase, our collaboration profit sharing expense will increase.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_CollaborationProfitLossSharing" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_CollaborationProfitLossSharing"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_8f39fd30-9104-4a6c-9bc4-8cba27cb0ed7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Reclassification out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ReclassificationOutOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SalesTriggerGrossSalesThreshold_e8609fc4-7d3c-414a-9348-bbaa5fc918b9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SalesTriggerGrossSalesThreshold" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Sales trigger gross sales threshold</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SalesTriggerGrossSalesThreshold_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SalesTriggerGrossSalesThreshold" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Sales Trigger Gross Sales Threshold</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SalesTriggerGrossSalesThreshold_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SalesTriggerGrossSalesThreshold" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Sales trigger gross sales threshold.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_SalesTriggerGrossSalesThreshold" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_SalesTriggerGrossSalesThreshold"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_SalesTriggerGrossSalesThreshold" xlink:to="lab_biib_SalesTriggerGrossSalesThreshold" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment_9bc1eed3-c93d-45cc-b235-fceae57cb85f_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Gain on sale of building</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment_d7bff034-fa90-4570-95dc-8bf4c7a0cfd7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Gain on sale of building</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Gain (Loss) on Disposition of Property Plant Equipment</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnSaleOfPropertyPlantEquipment" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DilutiveSecuritiesAbstract_3199733d-e84b-43fc-b0cf-ce3bc464d53e_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DilutiveSecuritiesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Effect of dilutive securities:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DilutiveSecuritiesAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DilutiveSecuritiesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Dilutive Securities, Effect on Basic Earnings Per Share [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DilutiveSecuritiesAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DilutiveSecuritiesAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DilutiveSecuritiesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DilutiveSecuritiesAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_b816791a-a837-4494-81c2-f6eada71a66e_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income tax (benefit) expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_fa07a125-3a52-4d49-837a-30085bcfc737_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income tax (benefit) expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_297ad360-2c9f-4405-ac2b-90622b5315f7_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total income tax (benefit) expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Expense (Benefit)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NonUsMember_6091fa1e-ef85-4b1a-9c04-93e7c088293b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NonUsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Rest of World</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NonUsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NonUsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Non-US [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NonUsMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_NonUsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NonUsMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NonUsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredCompensationLiabilityClassifiedNoncurrent_3d1f597f-211b-4a65-bd45-edbef559adaf_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredCompensationLiabilityClassifiedNoncurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred compensation liability</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredCompensationLiabilityClassifiedNoncurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredCompensationLiabilityClassifiedNoncurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Compensation Liability, Classified, Noncurrent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DeferredCompensationLiabilityClassifiedNoncurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredCompensationLiabilityClassifiedNoncurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DeferredCompensationLiabilityClassifiedNoncurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DeferredCompensationLiabilityClassifiedNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember_d20b3324-0030-4477-af75-027aca1a5691_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Designated as Hedging Instrument</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Designated as Hedging Instrument [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DesignatedAsHedgingInstrumentMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FLIXABIMember_8083ba63-36d7-4b1d-8662-c3e44fa7a807_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FLIXABIMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">FLIXABI</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FLIXABIMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FLIXABIMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">FLIXABI [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FLIXABIMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FLIXABIMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">FLIXABI [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_FLIXABIMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_FLIXABIMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_FLIXABIMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_FLIXABIMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SwissFederalTaxAdministrationFTAMember_44108a1d-dd2a-45e6-ae11-776b1c9d7f68_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SwissFederalTaxAdministrationFTAMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Swiss Federal Tax Administration (FTA)</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SwissFederalTaxAdministrationFTAMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_SwissFederalTaxAdministrationFTAMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SwissFederalTaxAdministrationFTAMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SwissFederalTaxAdministrationFTAMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock_f71a9064-2259-4e2b-949e-64872659ff6d_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Measurements</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Disclosures [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfOperatingSegments_c771741d-9c71-4ace-ad70-1056fe0b2da3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfOperatingSegments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Number of operating segments</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember_6d0b17c3-fef8-49f6-ba0c-7428bef23cc3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MoneyMarketFundsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Money market funds</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife_a2f56799-95d9-49ae-a349-c4de13866e2d_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentUsefulLife" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Property, plant and equipment, useful life</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation Actually Paid vs. Other Measure</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LossContingencyDamagesSoughtValue_4281c5c0-63e4-4ae2-b32b-6ed506eee36d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LossContingencyDamagesSoughtValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Claims asserted</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LossContingencyDamagesSoughtValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LossContingencyDamagesSoughtValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Loss Contingency, Damages Sought, Value</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LossContingencyDamagesSoughtValue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LossContingencyDamagesSoughtValue"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentAssetsNet_b8a98176-a402-4635-851a-6c2e4ac07c87_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentAssetsNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Measurement Period Adjustments, Total identifiable net assets</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentAssetsNet" xlink:to="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentAssetsNet" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfEquityMethodInvestments_514bba45-aa73-4afe-959b-ef7fceb1a37c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleOfEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from sales of strategic investments</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_AuditorInformationAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AuditorInformationAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Auditor Information [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AuditorInformationAbstract_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AuditorInformationAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Auditor Information [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_AuditorInformationAbstract" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_AuditorInformationAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_AuditorInformationAbstract" xlink:to="lab_biib_AuditorInformationAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseDevelopmentOfProductCandidate_6beeaa73-d178-41a9-8773-a6e02ea28ffc_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseDevelopmentOfProductCandidate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Development of product candidate expense</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseDevelopmentOfProductCandidate_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpenseDevelopmentOfProductCandidate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Research and Development Expense, Development Of Product Candidate</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_MSProductRevenuesMember_563d26b1-1010-4850-ac3e-38db6c2d2968_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_MSProductRevenuesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Subtotal: Multiple Sclerosis</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_MSProductRevenuesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_MSProductRevenuesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">MS Product Revenues [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_MSProductRevenuesMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_MSProductRevenuesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">MS Product Revenues [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_MSProductRevenuesMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_MSProductRevenuesMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_MSProductRevenuesMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_MSProductRevenuesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherCommitment_65d27b6b-c20a-4d50-9b24-9b8df79412a5_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherCommitment" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cancellable future commitments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherCommitment_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherCommitment" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other Commitment</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherCommitment" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OtherCommitment"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OtherCommitment" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OtherCommitment" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesTaxCreditCarryforwards_9fa8b0b8-b4ea-4fde-9355-0dc269eec27f_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesTaxCreditCarryforwards" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Tax credits</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesTaxCreditCarryforwards_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesTaxCreditCarryforwards" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Tax Liabilities, Tax Credit Carryforwards</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesTaxCreditCarryforwards_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesTaxCreditCarryforwards" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Tax Liabilities, Tax Credit Carryforwards</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesTaxCreditCarryforwards" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesTaxCreditCarryforwards"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesTaxCreditCarryforwards" xlink:to="lab_biib_DeferredTaxLiabilitiesTaxCreditCarryforwards" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwillAbstract_c625a02a-6aae-414b-b68a-ae88652ddcfd_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwillAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible Assets, Net (Excluding Goodwill) [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwillAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwillAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible Assets, Net (Excluding Goodwill) [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwillAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwillAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwillAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IntangibleAssetsNetExcludingGoodwillAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock_3e897bc3-cb02-4708-b0e4-fe3eb6382542_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue from Contract with Customer [Text Block]</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AverageStockPriceOnGrantDateInDollarsMinimum_5ac7c0ff-551d-422f-98f3-7687f1fca093_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AverageStockPriceOnGrantDateInDollarsMinimum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Average stock price on grant date minimum</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AverageStockPriceOnGrantDateInDollarsMinimum_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AverageStockPriceOnGrantDateInDollarsMinimum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Average Stock Price On Grant Date In Dollars Minimum</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AverageStockPriceOnGrantDateInDollarsMinimum_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AverageStockPriceOnGrantDateInDollarsMinimum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Average stock price on grant date in dollars minimum.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_AverageStockPriceOnGrantDateInDollarsMinimum" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_AverageStockPriceOnGrantDateInDollarsMinimum"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_AverageStockPriceOnGrantDateInDollarsMinimum" xlink:to="lab_biib_AverageStockPriceOnGrantDateInDollarsMinimum" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsDecreasesResultingFromSettlementsWithTaxingAuthorities_564030d5-df86-48a8-bb9c-23c5348217c7_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsDecreasesResultingFromSettlementsWithTaxingAuthorities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Settlement payment</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_ContractManufacturingAndOtherRevenueMember_6d6279f9-6ff2-428a-9aac-51ef412cdee1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ContractManufacturingAndOtherRevenueMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Contract manufacturing revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ContractManufacturingAndOtherRevenueMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ContractManufacturingAndOtherRevenueMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Contract manufacturing and other revenue [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_ContractManufacturingAndOtherRevenueMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_ContractManufacturingAndOtherRevenueMember"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_0b5d09b3-7cb0-46a4-81da-e5d95aca7335_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Additional paid-in capital</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PayVsPerformanceDisclosureLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PayVsPerformanceDisclosureLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Pay vs Performance Disclosure [Line Items]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_LicenseFee_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_LicenseFee" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">License Fee</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_LicenseFee" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_LicenseFee"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_srt_RangeMember_090cd68d-edea-4066-8ffc-22e5ec9f4c56_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_RangeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Statistical Measurement [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_RangeMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_RangeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Statistical Measurement [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_RangeMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-2023.xsd#srt_RangeMember"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_UndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_UndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Underlying Security Market Price Change</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_UndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_UndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent_fa0a05a6-f60b-4b74-87ee-264aabb27ad1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Royalties and licensing fees</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued Royalties, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedRoyaltiesCurrent"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCashAndEquivalents_319b58e8-b7d3-40fd-a1d6-b6d43ab5c992_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCashAndEquivalents" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCashAndEquivalents" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCashAndEquivalents"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber_1379f18b-804c-46e4-b100-9b906dbcfe75_periodStartLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Beginning balance, unvested (in shares)</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseRemainingLeaseTerm_5477caf7-6a82-4954-85b2-9ede6d44b163_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseRemainingLeaseTerm" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Remaining lease term</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseRemainingLeaseTerm_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseRemainingLeaseTerm" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Operating Lease, Remaining Lease Term</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseRemainingLeaseTerm" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseRemainingLeaseTerm"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock_51ed185a-ff6e-4006-b79e-6b19e88faa53_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Indebtedness</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherCurrentLiabilitiesMember_57b9b84f-b749-4792-abec-c19e12cc0ba8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherCurrentLiabilitiesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Component of accrued expense and other</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherCurrentLiabilitiesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherCurrentLiabilitiesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other Current Liabilities [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfStockholdersEquityAbstract_db4c8a91-5020-4f90-b499-0d2252214e2d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_a7599a1b-b4c5-4daf-a83f-e8e977c8e4f9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Revolving Credit Facility</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Revolving Credit Facility [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_PaymentsReturnsAppliedAgainstProductRevenueReservesRelatingToPriorYear_cea3661d-99a0-411b-8923-35cdce3aaa3c_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PaymentsReturnsAppliedAgainstProductRevenueReservesRelatingToPriorYear" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Payments/credits relating to sales in prior years</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_085fbb8b-2083-4ae8-9d2a-70744cbad809_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_MnpiDiscTimedForCompValFlag_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_MnpiDiscTimedForCompValFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">MNPI Disclosure Timed for Compensation Value</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_609cd2ff-8b07-4e6f-8f08-342f06a7adb2_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Performance Units (PUs)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_85ee3232-bbdf-4510-883d-896bbe9fbf64_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Performance units</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PerformanceSharesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Performance Shares [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract_5587c18e-6d7b-4b49-893e-d8046a8bf2f2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Segment Reporting [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Segment Reporting [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_418ebf01-7c30-4411-9dfe-68a44763e0b3_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts payable</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts Payable, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1_8010790c-c19d-4354-9806-2f91a56e1d2c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted average remaining contractual term for options exercisable</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableWeightedAverageRemainingContractualTerm1"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_RestatementDateAxis_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_RestatementDateAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restatement Determination Date:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_RestatementDateAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_RestatementDateAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restatement Determination Date [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_RestatementDateAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_RestatementDateAxis"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis_11a43e89-0160-411e-81f3-88ae0132faf2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Method Investee, Name [Axis]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Investment, Name [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-2023.xsd#srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember_be3ca5b2-5c2d-44e5-afeb-1e6ff1c095aa_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate debt securities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate Debt Securities [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_07b63572-f565-492d-8eb6-9f00d9e78864_negatedLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other (income) expense, net</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_ba22550d-c255-4975-8131-2f3377169065_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other (income) expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Nonoperating Income (Expense)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate_b12b7251-af5a-44e6-b5f5-d400d0b4b23d_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationAtFederalStatutoryIncomeTaxRate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Statutory rate</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedExpenseAndOther_3c2ad0ea-6d68-4077-8da5-39c2177b26d4_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentLiabilitiesAccruedExpenseAndOther" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued expense and other</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies_6860c0b6-cd4e-457d-8fc5-b79ff1bd9cff_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments, contingencies and guarantees (Notes 22 and 23)</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ConstructionInProgressGross_85d0a2c6-9093-43ad-bb5b-d5479e7fa0dc_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ConstructionInProgressGross" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Construction in progress</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ConstructionInProgressGross_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ConstructionInProgressGross" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Construction in Progress, Gross</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ConstructionInProgressGross" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ConstructionInProgressGross"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ConstructionInProgressGross" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ConstructionInProgressGross" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ShareRepurchaseProgram5Member_188f9fc9-ac4d-4694-ace0-45c4f45e6a03_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ShareRepurchaseProgram5Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">2020 Share Repurchase Program</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ShareRepurchaseProgram5Member_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ShareRepurchaseProgram5Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share Repurchase Program 5 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ShareRepurchaseProgram5Member_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ShareRepurchaseProgram5Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share Repurchase Program 5</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_ShareRepurchaseProgram5Member" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_ShareRepurchaseProgram5Member"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_ShareRepurchaseProgram5Member" xlink:to="lab_biib_ShareRepurchaseProgram5Member" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TaxCreditCarryforwardTable_84c85792-9572-4ee9-b305-8e792d81b162_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TaxCreditCarryforwardTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Tax Credit Carryforward [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TaxCreditCarryforwardTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TaxCreditCarryforwardTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Tax Credit Carryforward [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_TaxCreditCarryforwardTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_TaxCreditCarryforwardTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_TaxCreditCarryforwardTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_TaxCreditCarryforwardTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_TysabriProductMember_5f18e510-cd07-4e0b-b746-2d5eacc4ddba_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_TysabriProductMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">TYSABRI</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_TysabriProductMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_TysabriProductMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">TYSABRI product [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_TysabriProductMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_TysabriProductMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">TYSABRI product [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_TysabriProductMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_TysabriProductMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_TysabriProductMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_TysabriProductMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ExpectedLicenseFeeAndRegulatoryMilestonePayments_1b7e0635-be78-4ed8-ab59-66a9d52834a0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ExpectedLicenseFeeAndRegulatoryMilestonePayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Expected license fee and regulatory milestone payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ExpectedLicenseFeeAndRegulatoryMilestonePayments_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ExpectedLicenseFeeAndRegulatoryMilestonePayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Expected License Fee And Regulatory Milestone Payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ExpectedLicenseFeeAndRegulatoryMilestonePayments_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ExpectedLicenseFeeAndRegulatoryMilestonePayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Expected license fee and regulatory milestone payments.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_ExpectedLicenseFeeAndRegulatoryMilestonePayments" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_ExpectedLicenseFeeAndRegulatoryMilestonePayments"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_ExpectedLicenseFeeAndRegulatoryMilestonePayments" xlink:to="lab_biib_ExpectedLicenseFeeAndRegulatoryMilestonePayments" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTable_73b2e02d-ae66-44a8-bcc7-f92b3a818f2b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Goodwill [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Goodwill [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis_4fe3e328-f9a6-4964-a5bd-6c9052d612ab_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Geographical [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Geographical [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-2023.xsd#srt_StatementGeographicalAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:to="lab_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_A2022CostSavingInitiativesMember_6544e9ee-c89e-48a6-b66d-5ca1def1c159_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_A2022CostSavingInitiativesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">2022 Cost Saving Initiative</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_A2022CostSavingInitiativesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_A2022CostSavingInitiativesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">2022 Cost Saving Initiatives [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_A2022CostSavingInitiativesMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_A2022CostSavingInitiativesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">2022 Cost Saving Initiatives</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_A2022CostSavingInitiativesMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_A2022CostSavingInitiativesMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_A2022CostSavingInitiativesMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_A2022CostSavingInitiativesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent_570cbc2d-70a6-4318-8e14-5919c8461955_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Reata acquisition-related accrued expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Settlement Liabilities, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis_97a074b0-79b5-45f6-add6-7843496a57f3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember_f6a10945-5a3e-4ca6-8cb7-3bcb267a3102_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign Plan</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign Plan [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ForeignPlanMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock_02143449-1774-4e0d-b775-4dd95f1d38fd_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income Taxes</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ShareOfCoPromotionProfits_5b54514a-2507-46c1-b680-ea816e499e27_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ShareOfCoPromotionProfits" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Biogen's share of pre-tax profits in the U.S. for RITUXAN, GAZYVA and LUNSUMIO(1)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ShareOfCoPromotionProfits_d320e650-c142-4910-8f29-121505aefef4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ShareOfCoPromotionProfits" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Biogen's share of pre-tax profits in the U.S. for RITUXAN, GAZYVA and LUNSUMIO(1)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ShareOfCoPromotionProfits_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ShareOfCoPromotionProfits" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share Of Co Promotion Profits</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ShareOfCoPromotionProfits_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ShareOfCoPromotionProfits" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share of co promotion profits.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_ShareOfCoPromotionProfits" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_ShareOfCoPromotionProfits"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideRevenueByMajorCustomersByReportingSegmentsTable_98232cbb-ac4f-42da-9cef-00078afe39c6_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideRevenueByMajorCustomersByReportingSegmentsTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Revenue by Major Customers, by Reporting Segments [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideRevenueByMajorCustomersByReportingSegmentsTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideRevenueByMajorCustomersByReportingSegmentsTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Revenue by Major Customers, by Reporting Segments [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideRevenueByMajorCustomersByReportingSegmentsTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideRevenueByMajorCustomersByReportingSegmentsTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideRevenueByMajorCustomersByReportingSegmentsTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideRevenueByMajorCustomersByReportingSegmentsTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock_ad3a6cbe-73ac-4bca-82cf-2b0024387754_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Leases</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Leases [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LesseeLeasesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock_1116d550-0e1e-490b-929b-e2afcc7c738f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue Recognition</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RevenueRecognitionPolicyTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_9f57efd0-70a1-43ec-8e06-f759a3c7a14e_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber_fecae98e-5911-4a59-88fd-de06efc03db5_periodStartLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Beginning balance, outstanding shares (in shares)</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_ContractualAdjustmentsMember_b93051af-1c43-40d0-9b13-fcbd248a3cb9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ContractualAdjustmentsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Contractual Adjustments</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_ContractualAdjustmentsMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ContractualAdjustmentsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Contractual adjustments.</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Non-PEO NEO Average Compensation Actually Paid Amount</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ExtinguishmentOfDebtTypeDomain_cf3a0516-c42a-4368-80bf-3fa84ca79b1d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ExtinguishmentOfDebtTypeDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Extinguishment of Debt, Type [Domain]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_bb8dd550-3940-491d-acdb-4a4eba068fcd_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Marketable equity securities</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_8b179f13-fc93-4aca-8011-8fd4b6bacfee_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Stock options granted, weighted average price (in dollars per share)</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_a7dc91f4-322f-4da6-a142-aad412bba58e_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net income attributable to Biogen Inc.</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_92863af5-baff-4a0c-8624-44602724588d_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total current liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DerivativeContractTypeDomain_dc2c480d-e3a9-4ee9-a5c6-f470d63d474a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DerivativeContractTypeDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Derivative Contract Type [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DerivativeContractTypeDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DerivativeContractTypeDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Derivative Contract [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DerivativeContractTypeDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DerivativeContractTypeDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DerivativeContractTypeDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DerivativeContractTypeDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfNotionalAmountsOfOutstandingDerivativePositionsTableTextBlock_b9c79aef-fb25-43fc-954a-3a21687d6e3e_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfNotionalAmountsOfOutstandingDerivativePositionsTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign currency forward contracts that were entered into to hedge forecasted revenue</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfNotionalAmountsOfOutstandingDerivativePositionsTableTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfNotionalAmountsOfOutstandingDerivativePositionsTableTextBlock"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock_37e3d495-409c-4f30-805b-9366cb0ab9d3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Translation of Foreign Currencies</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionsAndTranslationsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign Currency Transactions and Translations Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureName_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Company Selected Measure Name</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureName" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_CoSelectedMeasureName"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentageBeforeAdditionalPurchaseTransaction_88ffb4bb-1f34-4888-b910-bb2ddd4b1e5a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentageBeforeAdditionalPurchaseTransaction" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Ownership percentage before additional purchase transaction</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentageBeforeAdditionalPurchaseTransaction" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentageBeforeAdditionalPurchaseTransaction"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsAmortizedCost_9b8aa297-e826-4b5d-9e5c-5a1dcd40b1df_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsAmortizedCost" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Due after one year through five years</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_SKYCLARYSMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SKYCLARYSMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">SKYCLARYS</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_SKYCLARYSMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_SKYCLARYSMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1_d9d6f2a4-d0d0-4545-9b1c-df4a3801b95d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Vesting period</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Award Vesting Period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardVestingPeriod1"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongTermNotesPayable_ccaa40f4-b39f-4350-8129-7bff28e4ba49_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongTermNotesPayable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Notes payable and term loan</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongTermNotesPayable_ff5dcd72-93dd-4079-8dc5-cc2d034c038a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongTermNotesPayable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Non-current portion of notes payable and term loan</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongTermNotesPayable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongTermNotesPayable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Notes Payable, Noncurrent</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember_be07ca92-85f3-4408-8f20-d5d27434c6f2_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign exchange contract</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign Exchange Contract [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ForeignExchangeContractMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_MeasureName_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_MeasureName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Name</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_MeasureName_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_MeasureName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Measure Name</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_ShareBasedCompensationExpenseIncludedInCostsAndExpenses_ce1c1aef-4012-4cdd-a288-56aa1faf5b48_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ShareBasedCompensationExpenseIncludedInCostsAndExpenses" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based compensation expense included in total cost and expense</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_ShareBasedCompensationExpenseIncludedInCostsAndExpenses_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ShareBasedCompensationExpenseIncludedInCostsAndExpenses" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share based compensation expense included in costs and expenses.</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryIndName_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryIndName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Name</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill_6456c0cb-80dc-4921-b287-f20c7ba7cead_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill_e15d07a8-3504-469b-a45b-2eb4c22b3550_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill_4226d213-e711-4fd2-a439-6f992e26c642_periodStartLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill, beginning of year</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill_b9630562-0f03-45cb-ade7-962760de1c56_periodEndLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill, end of year</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_Goodwill"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsIncreasesResultingFromPriorPeriodTaxPositions_a4329442-c7f6-46f9-9447-ba2d5e69f526_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefitsIncreasesResultingFromPriorPeriodTaxPositions" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Additions for tax positions of prior periods</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BuildingsAndImprovementsGross_093573ba-9fc5-4c37-b561-0a89420030ec_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BuildingsAndImprovementsGross" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Buildings</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BuildingsAndImprovementsGross_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BuildingsAndImprovementsGross" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Buildings and Improvements, Gross</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_BuildingsAndImprovementsGross" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_BuildingsAndImprovementsGross"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_BuildingsAndImprovementsGross" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_BuildingsAndImprovementsGross" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_LenderDisputeMember_da7f3e79-1acd-47d8-a3ee-069ce8bab76e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_LenderDisputeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lender Dispute</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_LenderDisputeMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_LenderDisputeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lender Dispute [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_LenderDisputeMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_LenderDisputeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lender Dispute</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_LenderDisputeMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_LenderDisputeMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_LenderDisputeMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_LenderDisputeMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenueFromExternalCustomersAttributedToForeignCountriesByGeographicAreaTextBlock_78c22173-b8d5-428a-9516-781d45a9bb69_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenueFromExternalCustomersAttributedToForeignCountriesByGeographicAreaTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Geographic information</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenueFromExternalCustomersAttributedToForeignCountriesByGeographicAreaTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenueFromExternalCustomersAttributedToForeignCountriesByGeographicAreaTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenueFromExternalCustomersAttributedToForeignCountriesByGeographicAreaTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenueFromExternalCustomersAttributedToForeignCountriesByGeographicAreaTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionTable_c73dde22-30db-455f-a7fc-dfcbc6b81037_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Lease, Description [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentDeferredTaxLiability_95ffd3a2-b7c4-4d1b-81b8-20aed4a5cb8b_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentDeferredTaxLiability" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Measurement Period Adjustments, Deferred tax liability</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentDeferredTaxLiability_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentDeferredTaxLiability" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combination, Provisional Information, Initial Accounting Incomplete, Adjustment, Deferred Tax Liability</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentDeferredTaxLiability" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentDeferredTaxLiability"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentDeferredTaxLiability" xlink:to="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationProvisionalInformationInitialAccountingIncompleteAdjustmentDeferredTaxLiability" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Underlying Securities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Award Underlying Securities Amount</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_7fe51a50-e916-4f67-9ed0-d807e4b5ab61_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Long-term operating lease liabilities</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentUnamortizedDiscountPremiumAndDebtIssuanceCostsNet_903ca204-e6e3-42ab-8e40-1a93708da603_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentUnamortizedDiscountPremiumAndDebtIssuanceCostsNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Less: debt discount and issuance fees</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentUnamortizedDiscountPremiumAndDebtIssuanceCostsNet_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentUnamortizedDiscountPremiumAndDebtIssuanceCostsNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Unamortized Discount (Premium) and Debt Issuance Costs, Net</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentUnamortizedDiscountPremiumAndDebtIssuanceCostsNet" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentUnamortizedDiscountPremiumAndDebtIssuanceCostsNet"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentUnamortizedDiscountPremiumAndDebtIssuanceCostsNet" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentUnamortizedDiscountPremiumAndDebtIssuanceCostsNet" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CurrentProvisionsToProductRevenueReservesRelatingToSalesInCurrentYear_f411df7f-46c9-498a-95c5-9dfe9d0dfd17_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CurrentProvisionsToProductRevenueReservesRelatingToSalesInCurrentYear" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Current provisions relating to sales in current year</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CurrentProvisionsToProductRevenueReservesRelatingToSalesInCurrentYear_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CurrentProvisionsToProductRevenueReservesRelatingToSalesInCurrentYear" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Current Provisions To Product Revenue Reserves Relating To Sales In Current Year</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CurrentProvisionsToProductRevenueReservesRelatingToSalesInCurrentYear_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CurrentProvisionsToProductRevenueReservesRelatingToSalesInCurrentYear" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Current provisions to product revenue reserves relating to sales in current year.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_CurrentProvisionsToProductRevenueReservesRelatingToSalesInCurrentYear" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_CurrentProvisionsToProductRevenueReservesRelatingToSalesInCurrentYear"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_CurrentProvisionsToProductRevenueReservesRelatingToSalesInCurrentYear" xlink:to="lab_biib_CurrentProvisionsToProductRevenueReservesRelatingToSalesInCurrentYear" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock_e10e8818-41f7-4787-9dcd-e31790c61dff_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Contingencies</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments and Contingencies, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DebtInstrumentMakeWholeProvisionRedemptionPricePercentage_4c376794-70b4-4061-b605-b99dc24490a9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DebtInstrumentMakeWholeProvisionRedemptionPricePercentage" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Redemption percentage for change in control provision</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DebtInstrumentMakeWholeProvisionRedemptionPricePercentage_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DebtInstrumentMakeWholeProvisionRedemptionPricePercentage" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Make Whole Provision Redemption Price, Percentage</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_DebtInstrumentMakeWholeProvisionRedemptionPricePercentage_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DebtInstrumentMakeWholeProvisionRedemptionPricePercentage" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Make Whole Provision Redemption Price, Percentage</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_DebtInstrumentMakeWholeProvisionRedemptionPricePercentage" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_DebtInstrumentMakeWholeProvisionRedemptionPricePercentage"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_DebtInstrumentMakeWholeProvisionRedemptionPricePercentage" xlink:to="lab_biib_DebtInstrumentMakeWholeProvisionRedemptionPricePercentage" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_47862d27-dbd7-4cd9-b8bf-23b1bc237f47_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease liability maturity</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid, Maturity [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberDilutedSharesOutstandingAdjustment_7f968da0-cfe3-4100-ae02-d6417bb86cb8_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberDilutedSharesOutstandingAdjustment" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Dilutive potential common shares (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberDilutedSharesOutstandingAdjustment_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberDilutedSharesOutstandingAdjustment" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Diluted, Adjustment</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberDilutedSharesOutstandingAdjustment" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberDilutedSharesOutstandingAdjustment"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberDilutedSharesOutstandingAdjustment" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberDilutedSharesOutstandingAdjustment" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ForeignExchangeForwardMember_92c335b1-6b8c-4ba3-b94b-5bd4b672b20c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ForeignExchangeForwardMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign Exchange Forward</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ForeignExchangeForwardMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ForeignExchangeForwardMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign Exchange Forward [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ForeignExchangeForwardMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ForeignExchangeForwardMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ForeignExchangeForwardMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ForeignExchangeForwardMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToSangamoTherapeuticsTableTextBlock_d23de18c-0e51-4b31-bd52-7e0e06ce8654_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToSangamoTherapeuticsTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Summary of Activity Related to Sangamo Therapeutics</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToSangamoTherapeuticsTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToSangamoTherapeuticsTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Summary of Activity Related to Sangamo Therapeutics [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToSangamoTherapeuticsTableTextBlock_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToSangamoTherapeuticsTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Summary of Activity Related to Sangamo Therapeutics</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToSangamoTherapeuticsTableTextBlock" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToSangamoTherapeuticsTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToSangamoTherapeuticsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_biib_SummaryOfActivityRelatedToSangamoTherapeuticsTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock_40e6f8be-f57d-4a1d-9fb4-f39f4c708e42_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalents</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalents, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanTable_be245327-d7aa-4139-b23f-43e849916ea5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Defined Contribution Plan [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Defined Contribution Plan [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByBalanceSheetGroupingTextBlock_169610b3-4486-4ed9-a15c-fd4665cfc489_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByBalanceSheetGroupingTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Summary of fair and carrying value of debt instruments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByBalanceSheetGroupingTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByBalanceSheetGroupingTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, by Balance Sheet Grouping [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueByBalanceSheetGroupingTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueByBalanceSheetGroupingTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValueByBalanceSheetGroupingTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByBalanceSheetGroupingTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain_6fc419bb-6244-42f3-a3be-8858eaa83461_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Product and Service [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Product and Service [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-2023.xsd#srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:to="lab_srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other Performance Measure, Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other Performance Measure, Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt" xlink:to="lab_ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ReserveforCashDiscountsMember_f744422b-e9cc-4c6e-a33f-a97255455385_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ReserveforCashDiscountsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Discounts</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ReserveforCashDiscountsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ReserveforCashDiscountsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Reserve for Cash Discounts [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ReserveforCashDiscountsMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ReserveforCashDiscountsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Reserve for Cash Discounts [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_ReserveforCashDiscountsMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_ReserveforCashDiscountsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_ReserveforCashDiscountsMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_ReserveforCashDiscountsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_NumberOfWholesalers_0e1a15d8-0227-44cb-9116-2a07bac7a2df_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NumberOfWholesalers" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Number of wholesalers</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_NumberOfWholesalers_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NumberOfWholesalers" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Number of Wholesalers</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_NumberOfWholesalers_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NumberOfWholesalers" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Number of Wholesalers</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_NumberOfWholesalers" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_NumberOfWholesalers"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_NumberOfWholesalers" xlink:to="lab_biib_NumberOfWholesalers" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_2f7e873c-3d37-403b-9049-ee33883b2a63_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease costs</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lease, Cost [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesAbstract_d83d5ff7-07de-4ef3-b0f9-acd6c7e83f70_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Marketable debt securities:</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityFileNumber_b89b2cc9-de48-47f1-9e64-528ae4085fd9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity File Number</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_EuropeExcludingGermanyMember_71c4655f-60c3-40ee-82c2-8e821b6d96a7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_EuropeExcludingGermanyMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Europe</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_EuropeExcludingGermanyMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_EuropeExcludingGermanyMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Europe, Excluding Germany [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LossContingenciesTable_07e27ff5-925d-4cbc-937c-235f97c40315_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LossContingenciesTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Loss Contingencies [Table]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_DivestituresAbstract_aa939c16-ba34-41d1-b2bc-e620321ea19e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DivestituresAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Divestitures [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_DivestituresAbstract_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DivestituresAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Divestitures [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive_9bd48869-ff09-45cb-a194-a31e40dfc785_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterYearFive" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Thereafter</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationLitigationSettlementPercent_4413eb70-6efa-476d-9abb-4f66fcf5c484_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationLitigationSettlementPercent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Litigation settlement agreement</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityShellCompany_6c1cb501-5387-47bf-8054-f390a8d55f23_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Shell Company</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentSoldCarryingAmount_3fbab3cf-6dde-49db-9896-6d822de1f234_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentSoldCarryingAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Amount sold</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentSoldCarryingAmount_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentSoldCarryingAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Method Investment, Amount Sold</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAcquireeDomain_db73d428-9f50-46d1-a730-83e0feba31c3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAcquireeDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Business Acquisition, Acquiree [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAcquireeDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAcquireeDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Business Acquisition, Acquiree [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAcquireeDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAcquireeDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAcquireeDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_BusinessAcquisitionAcquireeDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMinimum_f5b54ea6-b6a5-4f06-a440-ca831586b72f_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMinimum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum range of risk-free interest rates</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMinimum_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMinimum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Risk Free Interest Rate, Minimum</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_RestatementDeterminationDate_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_RestatementDeterminationDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restatement Determination Date</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_RestatementDeterminationDate_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_RestatementDeterminationDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restatement Determination Date</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_WeightedAveragePeriodToRecognizeCostOfNonvestedAwards_f69ccac4-029c-4f68-8db9-272f81e80497_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_WeightedAveragePeriodToRecognizeCostOfNonvestedAwards" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-average period to recognize the cost of unvested awards (in years)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_WeightedAveragePeriodToRecognizeCostOfNonvestedAwards_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_WeightedAveragePeriodToRecognizeCostOfNonvestedAwards" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Period To Recognize Cost Of Nonvested Awards</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_WeightedAveragePeriodToRecognizeCostOfNonvestedAwards_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_WeightedAveragePeriodToRecognizeCostOfNonvestedAwards" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-average period to recognize the cost of nonvested awards.</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_PercentageOfCoPromotionOperatingProfitsFirstFiftyMillion_7496e565-7b4c-4a8c-ab58-dc349d4a7f4d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PercentageOfCoPromotionOperatingProfitsFirstFiftyMillion" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage of co promotion operating profits first fifty million</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_PercentageOfCoPromotionOperatingProfitsFirstFiftyMillion_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PercentageOfCoPromotionOperatingProfitsFirstFiftyMillion" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage of co promotion operating profits first fifty million.</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedIncomeTaxesPayable_84654740-61cd-4ea4-8b9e-8c433b0a24e7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccruedIncomeTaxesPayable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income tax assets and liabilities</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherOperatingLiabilities_c3678096-cb60-44b3-9b05-4c2639f08c56_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherOperatingLiabilities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other changes in operating assets and liabilities, net</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByAssetClassAxis_692ce950-a495-4fff-a350-d79ab52d645d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByAssetClassAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value by Asset Class [Axis]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_BiologicsManufacturingMember_e8ada724-0c2d-4d9a-8b21-e3f1bc6e16f5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BiologicsManufacturingMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Biologics Manufacturing</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BiologicsManufacturingMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BiologicsManufacturingMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Biologics Manufacturing [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BiologicsManufacturingMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BiologicsManufacturingMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Biologics Manufacturing</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost_96b57699-f695-42a3-b472-a73cf61e74d8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Variable lease cost</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_VariableLeaseCost" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Variable Lease, Cost</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_b9bf0cf7-216a-47dc-b2a6-1aa0fa82c7f7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease cost</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Lease, Cost</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_7980dc27-2e37-4a8c-b401-ae5abdb072df_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock issued (in shares)</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1_cdd6a186-f02b-40d0-a51d-7dbb8672c0aa_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Severance Costs</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebt_d442ee2e-d38b-44bb-b441-fa633f1cadde_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Notes payable and term loan</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Long-Term Debt</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LongTermDebt" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure_f40d616d-a1c2-4362-ae28-76b247c73801_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalInYearFour_9803fdc5-f0fb-4b8d-b21a-7fbfab5e9910_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalInYearFour" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">2027</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalInYearFour" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalInYearFour"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_CoPromotionProfitSharingFormulaTableTextBlock_b2d005f3-8c66-4cee-b82f-9722f3fb3dcb_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CoPromotionProfitSharingFormulaTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Co-promotion profit sharing formula</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_f56cdaba-329a-494d-9831-157969fc30d1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Currency Translation Adjustments</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance_4d421597-fc66-4de5-a318-1c303437356d_periodStartLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Beginning balance</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">SEC Schedule, 12-09, Valuation Allowances and Reserves, Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ValuationAllowancesAndReservesBalance" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_OperatingLeaseArea_39a4aa9c-78dd-408f-bcd1-06456b5da726_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_OperatingLeaseArea" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease area</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_OperatingLeaseArea_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_OperatingLeaseArea" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Lease Area</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_OperatingLeaseArea_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_OperatingLeaseArea" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Lease Area</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_OperatingLeaseArea" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_OperatingLeaseArea"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_OperatingLeaseArea" xlink:to="lab_biib_OperatingLeaseArea" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromPaymentsForOtherFinancingActivities_5187f38a-1035-404d-9a57-bff36a7c9eb0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromPaymentsForOtherFinancingActivities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromPaymentsForOtherFinancingActivities_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromPaymentsForOtherFinancingActivities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from (Payments for) Other Financing Activities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromPaymentsForOtherFinancingActivities" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromPaymentsForOtherFinancingActivities"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromPaymentsForOtherFinancingActivities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromPaymentsForOtherFinancingActivities" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_2acf2857-4c5e-4561-8fee-99425cf10433_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to Biogen Inc.</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_OtherrevenuesfromantiCD20therapeuticprograms_34fe437e-456d-4092-895f-6caac3daac9d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_OtherrevenuesfromantiCD20therapeuticprograms" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Royalty revenue on sales of OCREVUS</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_OtherrevenuesfromantiCD20therapeuticprograms_bb6ab38b-8974-4a17-a8e2-4fa359f26cb6_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_OtherrevenuesfromantiCD20therapeuticprograms" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Royalty revenue on sales of OCREVUS</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_OtherrevenuesfromantiCD20therapeuticprograms_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_OtherrevenuesfromantiCD20therapeuticprograms" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other revenues from anti-CD20 therapeutic programs</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_OtherrevenuesfromantiCD20therapeuticprograms_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_OtherrevenuesfromantiCD20therapeuticprograms" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other revenues from anti-CD20 therapeutic programs consists of revenue on sales of RITUXAN outside the U.S., which consist of our share of pre-tax co-promotion profits in Canada and royalty revenue on sales of Ocrevus.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_OtherrevenuesfromantiCD20therapeuticprograms" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_OtherrevenuesfromantiCD20therapeuticprograms"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_OtherrevenuesfromantiCD20therapeuticprograms" xlink:to="lab_biib_OtherrevenuesfromantiCD20therapeuticprograms" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFundedStatusOfPlan_8351e463-e3f1-4a73-b146-b3d657905d37_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFundedStatusOfPlan" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Unfunded net pension</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFundedStatusOfPlan_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFundedStatusOfPlan" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Defined Benefit Plan, Funded (Unfunded) Status of Plan</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFundedStatusOfPlan" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFundedStatusOfPlan"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFundedStatusOfPlan" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanFundedStatusOfPlan" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DomesticCountryMember_f929a7ff-c35c-4e70-97f0-959221a32eb5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DomesticCountryMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Domestic Country</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DomesticCountryMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DomesticCountryMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Domestic Tax Authority [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DomesticCountryMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DomesticCountryMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DomesticCountryMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DomesticCountryMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_1c38a886-7558-476b-8b01-a8c55472d854_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect_23d856a3-7657-4055-9332-e6cef0289779_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, and Restricted Cash Equivalents, Period Increase (Decrease), Excluding Exchange Rate Effect</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseExcludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePriceRollforward_d09d24a8-5ded-4978-ac82-e9c540843feb_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePriceRollforward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Exercise Price</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePriceRollforward_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePriceRollforward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePriceRollforward" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePriceRollforward"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePriceRollforward" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePriceRollforward" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TaxesPayableCurrent_d22431fe-2912-4ad0-bc39-7062eb1e79e0_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TaxesPayableCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Taxes payable</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TaxesPayableCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TaxesPayableCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Taxes Payable, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_TaxesPayableCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_TaxesPayableCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_TaxesPayableCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_TaxesPayableCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_StrategicInvestmentsMember_b8331695-1c9d-46e0-82b6-fea5a2f4c26f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_StrategicInvestmentsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Strategic Investments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_StrategicInvestmentsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_StrategicInvestmentsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Strategic Investments [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_StrategicInvestmentsMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_StrategicInvestmentsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Strategic investments.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_StrategicInvestmentsMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_StrategicInvestmentsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_StrategicInvestmentsMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_StrategicInvestmentsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_d1a814d4-d15d-4a49-b21b-5fa69e976e24_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Event</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Event [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwards_a6c28ff0-4f2b-4636-884b-7ecbb6194915_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwards" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating loss carryforwards</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwards_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwards" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Loss Carryforwards</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwards" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwards"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwards" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLossCarryforwards" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesMember_5755bbea-8ff8-40e9-bf21-bc3eddc7792a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring charges</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring Charges [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_RestructuringChargesMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringChargesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_c28c4755-7192-4e25-a32f-d3734ccf309b_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued expense and other</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_fe8aa0b7-3c31-466f-8a93-205a8149b877_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total accrued expense and other</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other Liabilities, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FutureContingentMilestoneTypesDomain_df681292-31c7-488c-9275-a435340791ba_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FutureContingentMilestoneTypesDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Future Contingent Milestone Types [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FutureContingentMilestoneTypesDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FutureContingentMilestoneTypesDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Future Contingent Milestone Types [Domain]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LeaseholdImprovementsGross_9593b815-77d4-4950-a24b-77986f318773_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LeaseholdImprovementsGross" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Leasehold improvements</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcAdoptedFlag_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcAdoptedFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Insider Trading Policies and Procedures Adopted</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure_f3988e58-57e8-4908-973f-446476e61636_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cash equivalents</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TaxCreditCarryforwardLineItems_ac77cc05-f6d2-4777-9536-954c52b475be_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TaxCreditCarryforwardLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Tax Credit Carryforward [Line Items]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation_8604e423-2513-4f20-acb0-db93b8b0360f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueShareBasedCompensation" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock under stock award plan</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent_a80db60a-a2c7-4ff8-90fd-f5968eede87c_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other current assets</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems_5e94395f-3945-439a-a8df-00b63769a6dd_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Class of Stock [Line Items]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_RoyaltyCostofSalesPolicyTextBlock_21654b0c-bdb2-4527-a777-a87585567ebb_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_RoyaltyCostofSalesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Royalty Cost of Sales</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments_dff5ccc6-c622-4f64-8d45-b2c8e1cd8ea9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Investment in Samsung Bioepis</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_OCREVUSMember_5f7003f7-8f28-49f6-92d9-90f7a6ccf102_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_OCREVUSMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">OCREVUS</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_OCREVUSMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_OCREVUSMember"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_PercentageOfFutureDevelopmentCosts_9d2441b3-ea53-4001-9fcf-09c0c2bf11a3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PercentageOfFutureDevelopmentCosts" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage of future development costs</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryNet_9bddc6a8-8679-4bea-adbb-a1455d6fc382_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromPaymentsToMinorityShareholders_652d3aea-21bd-4102-8fb3-9348c25c5cec_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromPaymentsToMinorityShareholders" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net (distribution) contribution to noncontrolling interest</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TotalShareholderRtnAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TotalShareholderRtnAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total Shareholder Return Amount</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_EquitySecuritiesAvailableForSaleAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_5488e197-717d-4f83-a486-4ca127d4abfa_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_EquitySecuritiesAvailableForSaleAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Gross Unrealized Losses</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock_025ad0eb-6694-4e66-8eb7-d750094019f8_negatedLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of treasury stock</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_a5471747-dd9d-4b7b-a59a-949f16ad4534_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AdjToPeoCompFnTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AdjToPeoCompFnTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment To PEO Compensation, Footnote</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_LesseeLeaseTableTableTextBlock_ce3cbfb1-e604-44bb-b6d3-1e8ef4dafdba_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_LesseeLeaseTableTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of operating leases</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockRetiredCostMethodAmount_4eccb5ba-2d15-45b3-9a5e-5d14c3c6f955_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockRetiredCostMethodAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Retirement of common stock pursuant to the share repurchase program, at cost</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_GlobalLicensingCollaborationAgreementAmountSharesPurchased_08bd2934-9efc-470b-a37b-5f1237b1e6ed_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_GlobalLicensingCollaborationAgreementAmountSharesPurchased" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Global licensing collaboration, shares purchased, amount</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_f92c4127-6e9a-4fb4-91d9-761e1c1f09ce_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredForeignIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract_a5e9cf88-627f-4d00-bce7-158728bface9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InventoryDisclosureAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ParentMember_4cd5307f-5483-416c-9fd4-bf73133a0343_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ParentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total Biogen Inc. shareholders&#8217; equity</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ParentMember_7d2c903d-7e4c-479f-a0d5-c237fa3a1b40_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ParentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based compensation expense included in net income attributable to Biogen Inc.</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_NumberOfSquareFeet_018461d8-0aec-49f9-b3d2-5868bb8ee6df_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NumberOfSquareFeet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Number of square feet</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_NumberOfSquareFeet_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NumberOfSquareFeet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Number of Square Feet</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_NumberOfSquareFeet_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NumberOfSquareFeet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Number of Square Feet</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_4ae9fe92-2cb1-4b6e-8bec-75cfa0fff302_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Hierarchy and NAV [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Hierarchy and NAV [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockMember_ff6cea20-1b32-4fa7-8384-c5f020862589_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Performance stock units settled in stock</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockMember_5dd91ff2-f6d8-4126-a3da-e4578f7d341d_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">PSUs Settled in Stock</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Performance Stock Units Settled in Stock [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Performance Stock Units Settled in Stock [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_PerformanceStockUnitsSettledinStockMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock_7abaf92e-961a-47b9-b1d7-08a833185b03_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other income (expense), net</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Other Nonoperating Income (Expense) [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DeconsolidationGainOrLossAmount_4773b338-3e1f-4b54-aa2c-dae7a4a3e9ec_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeconsolidationGainOrLossAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deconsolidation, gain (loss)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DeconsolidationGainOrLossAmount_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeconsolidationGainOrLossAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deconsolidation, Gain (Loss), Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DeconsolidationGainOrLossAmount" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DeconsolidationGainOrLossAmount"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DeconsolidationGainOrLossAmount" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DeconsolidationGainOrLossAmount" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_e5e72c00-6331-4dab-9d28-045d4c089e61_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Retained earnings</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_ResidualU.S.taxliabilityonreversalofdeferredtaxliabilitiesonforeignsubsidiariespurchaseaccounting_ecac8e8f-aed4-47ab-88a4-550cc01afb67_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ResidualU.S.taxliabilityonreversalofdeferredtaxliabilitiesonforeignsubsidiariespurchaseaccounting" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Residual U.S. tax liability on reversal of deferred tax liabilities on foreign subsidiaries purchase accounting</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ResidualU.S.taxliabilityonreversalofdeferredtaxliabilitiesonforeignsubsidiariespurchaseaccounting_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ResidualU.S.taxliabilityonreversalofdeferredtaxliabilitiesonforeignsubsidiariespurchaseaccounting" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Residual U.S. tax liability on reversal of deferred tax liabilities on foreign subsidiaries purchase accounting</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ResidualU.S.taxliabilityonreversalofdeferredtaxliabilitiesonforeignsubsidiariespurchaseaccounting_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ResidualU.S.taxliabilityonreversalofdeferredtaxliabilitiesonforeignsubsidiariespurchaseaccounting" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Residual U.S. tax liability on reversal of deferred tax liabilities on foreign subsidiaries purchase accounting</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_CorporateDebtSecuritiesNonCurrentMember_2bd876f9-0a18-45dd-8813-9de5f6ac5aea_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CorporateDebtSecuritiesNonCurrentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate debt securities Non-current</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CorporateDebtSecuritiesNonCurrentMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CorporateDebtSecuritiesNonCurrentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate Debt Securities Non Current [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CorporateDebtSecuritiesNonCurrentMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CorporateDebtSecuritiesNonCurrentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate Debt Securities Non Current.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_CorporateDebtSecuritiesNonCurrentMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_CorporateDebtSecuritiesNonCurrentMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_CorporateDebtSecuritiesNonCurrentMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_CorporateDebtSecuritiesNonCurrentMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SamsungBiosimilarAgreementMember_f4e2f72f-ca41-4e11-9b3e-c055780ef377_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SamsungBiosimilarAgreementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Samsung Bioepis</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SamsungBiosimilarAgreementMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SamsungBiosimilarAgreementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Samsung Biosimilar Agreement [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SamsungBiosimilarAgreementMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SamsungBiosimilarAgreementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Samsung bio-similar agreement.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_SamsungBiosimilarAgreementMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_SamsungBiosimilarAgreementMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_SamsungBiosimilarAgreementMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_SamsungBiosimilarAgreementMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_e7267ffa-cd44-4915-9496-0afed77a9610_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Senior notes aggregate principal amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Face Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_c0069176-379d-4b1b-a429-e266f088f342_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Current assets:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Assets, Current [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract_255f5915-548e-4cd4-aba1-1bf18220adcf_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Leases [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Leases [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LeasesAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ComponentsOfDeferredTaxAssetsAbstract_1dd5c3cc-0b48-41ff-9c59-aff8cde60e2d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ComponentsOfDeferredTaxAssetsAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax assets:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ComponentsOfDeferredTaxAssetsAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ComponentsOfDeferredTaxAssetsAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Components of Deferred Tax Assets [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ComponentsOfDeferredTaxAssetsAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ComponentsOfDeferredTaxAssetsAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ComponentsOfDeferredTaxAssetsAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ComponentsOfDeferredTaxAssetsAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_7b236c50-3b8d-424c-a31a-1b7e832ede6a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation Actually Paid vs. Total Shareholder Return</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation Actually Paid vs. Total Shareholder Return [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsTable_05634e88-64d9-4411-ba37-0d64f0f4665f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue from External Customers by Products and Services [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenuesFromExternalCustomersAndLongLivedAssetsTable"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_OtherAssetsMeasurementInput_e786150a-b394-4d55-8916-9d664104e734_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_OtherAssetsMeasurementInput" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Risk-adjusted discount rates</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_OtherAssetsMeasurementInput_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_OtherAssetsMeasurementInput" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other Assets, Measurement Input</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_OtherAssetsMeasurementInput_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_OtherAssetsMeasurementInput" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other Assets, Measurement Input</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_OtherAssetsMeasurementInput" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_OtherAssetsMeasurementInput"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_OtherAssetsMeasurementInput" xlink:to="lab_biib_OtherAssetsMeasurementInput" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_aee67f94-d498-46e3-bb51-ca53c9cc0bf0_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cash flow from operating activities:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_BIIB080Member_cfea72fb-8673-4e68-b605-04b2687682b1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BIIB080Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">BIIB080</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BIIB080Member_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BIIB080Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">BIIB080 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BIIB080Member_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BIIB080Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">BIIB080</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_BIIB080Member" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_BIIB080Member"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_StockOptionsMember_7343191c-c60f-4433-af6d-13570008d120_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_StockOptionsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Stock options</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_StockOptionsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_StockOptionsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Options [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_StockOptionsMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_StockOptionsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Options</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_StockOptionsMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_StockOptionsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_StockOptionsMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_StockOptionsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_UnrealizedGainOnDerivatives_55ea9e63-09ab-47ae-b28a-9fb5dec68cef_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_UnrealizedGainOnDerivatives" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Unrealized gains</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_UnrealizedGainOnDerivatives_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_UnrealizedGainOnDerivatives" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Unrealized Gain on Derivatives</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_UnrealizedGainOnDerivatives_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_UnrealizedGainOnDerivatives" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Unrealized Gain on Derivatives</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_UnrealizedGainOnDerivatives" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_UnrealizedGainOnDerivatives"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_UnrealizedGainOnDerivatives" xlink:to="lab_biib_UnrealizedGainOnDerivatives" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationNumberOfPayments_dc97be2f-d8b5-40d1-a525-144e5f034924_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationNumberOfPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Number Of Payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationNumberOfPayments_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationNumberOfPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Number Of Payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationNumberOfPayments_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationNumberOfPayments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Number Of Payments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationNumberOfPayments" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationNumberOfPayments"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationNumberOfPayments" xlink:to="lab_biib_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationNumberOfPayments" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DisposalGroupsIncludingDiscontinuedOperationsNameDomain_c01a8eba-003a-4d87-928d-e0334fd2d3d9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisposalGroupsIncludingDiscontinuedOperationsNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Disposal Group Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DisposalGroupsIncludingDiscontinuedOperationsNameDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisposalGroupsIncludingDiscontinuedOperationsNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Disposal Group Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DisposalGroupsIncludingDiscontinuedOperationsNameDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DisposalGroupsIncludingDiscontinuedOperationsNameDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DisposalGroupsIncludingDiscontinuedOperationsNameDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DisposalGroupsIncludingDiscontinuedOperationsNameDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TranslationAdjustmentForNetInvestmentHedgeNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecrease_737bc8ab-385d-4ba3-b326-78f0344c8aae_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TranslationAdjustmentForNetInvestmentHedgeNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net Gains/(Losses) Recognized in Other Comprehensive Income (Effective Portion) (in millions)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TranslationAdjustmentForNetInvestmentHedgeNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecrease_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TranslationAdjustmentForNetInvestmentHedgeNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Derivatives used in Net Investment Hedge, Net of Tax, Period Increase (Decrease)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_TranslationAdjustmentForNetInvestmentHedgeNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_TranslationAdjustmentForNetInvestmentHedgeNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecrease"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_TranslationAdjustmentForNetInvestmentHedgeNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_TranslationAdjustmentForNetInvestmentHedgeNetOfTaxPeriodIncreaseDecrease" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInEquitySecuritiesFvNi_9250e0ae-9859-4f62-8b8b-560a86fdacbc_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInEquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">(Gain) loss on strategic investments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInEquitySecuritiesFvNi_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInEquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Equity Securities, FV-NI</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInEquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInEquitySecuritiesFvNi"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInEquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInEquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedInventoryAmortizationPeriod_c3456638-2769-4a1d-b717-28a7dd2f8b26_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedInventoryAmortizationPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory amortization period</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedInventoryAmortizationPeriod_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedInventoryAmortizationPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Inventory Amortization Period</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedInventoryAmortizationPeriod_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedInventoryAmortizationPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Inventory Amortization Period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedInventoryAmortizationPeriod" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedInventoryAmortizationPeriod"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedInventoryAmortizationPeriod" xlink:to="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedInventoryAmortizationPeriod" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_GenentechMember_42aa5dc1-f07b-4c7b-a403-26a05efdf504_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_GenentechMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Genentech</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_GenentechMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_GenentechMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Genentech [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_GenentechMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_GenentechMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Genentech</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_GenentechMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_GenentechMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_GenentechMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_GenentechMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems_33a1c773-e929-46d8-9828-261514727868_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillOtherIncreaseDecrease_bd76eaeb-30b1-4181-b166-51500f9042b5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillOtherIncreaseDecrease" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillOtherIncreaseDecrease_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillOtherIncreaseDecrease" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill, Other Increase (Decrease)</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_2e408df8-ceca-4032-9c96-b0a29c61fc64_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AggtErrCompAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AggtErrCompAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate Erroneous Compensation Amount</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized_b449aad1-6aa9-4c40-bfa3-23e6b0687bdd_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Expenses related to savings plan</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedContributionPlanCostRecognized"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AllExecutiveCategoriesMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AllExecutiveCategoriesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">All Executive Categories</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AllExecutiveCategoriesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AllExecutiveCategoriesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">All Executive Categories [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AllExecutiveCategoriesMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AllExecutiveCategoriesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDerivativeQualifyingAsHedgeExcludedComponentIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterestMember_7c598cad-ae8e-4fb4-bb29-9893afef2479_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDerivativeQualifyingAsHedgeExcludedComponentIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterestMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Gains (Losses) on Net Investment Hedges, Net of Tax</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDerivativeQualifyingAsHedgeExcludedComponentIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterestMember_1ccc6873-3039-40dd-ba0d-7925497753b2_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDerivativeQualifyingAsHedgeExcludedComponentIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterestMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Gains (losses) on net investment hedges(1)</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementBalanceSheetAndAdditionalDisclosuresByDisposalGroupsIncludingDiscontinuedOperationsTable_beef4d9d-7edc-4316-9bb9-6e294d3253e6_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementBalanceSheetAndAdditionalDisclosuresByDisposalGroupsIncludingDiscontinuedOperationsTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Table]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember_c0d96153-571d-4073-a67e-a020a2d98b5a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedDefinedBenefitPlansAdjustmentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Pension Benefit Obligation, Net of Tax</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis_a8f48cc2-fe66-430a-9c2d-6f61d8b54e3b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Plan Name [Axis]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityFilerCategory_2ee14485-f4bd-436d-81a8-dfdc1c75215e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Filer Category</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgTotalCompAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgTotalCompAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Non-PEO NEO Average Total Compensation Amount</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementTable_35a77efd-f7ab-47fa-bda9-9fa8277c1786_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Table]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_3b0c7f78-9460-4023-9dcd-c51fd6c3d191_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramAuthorizedAmount1_6a17de0e-c3e1-490e-8e85-792ad26266ce_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramAuthorizedAmount1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Authorized amount of share repurchases</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock_263d6230-2d1d-4ec2-8375-456655913697_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEffectiveIncomeTaxRateReconciliationTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Reconciliation between the U.S. federal statutory tax rate and effective tax rate</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefits_02ad0476-c9b7-4c18-8061-a07786aee146_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefits" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Unrecognized Tax Benefits</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefits_65d7a005-1d2f-4921-8c6f-65526cb706ab_periodStartLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefits" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Beginning balance</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefits_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_UnrecognizedTaxBenefits" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Unrecognized Tax Benefits</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis_4dcac17f-7331-4965-b77c-ca998e53f67f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Authority [Axis]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PeoName_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PeoName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">PEO Name</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_PeoName_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_PeoName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">PEO Name</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_72cd4c6a-18d5-40b9-8c07-5b7f9dcbbbd5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock, Shares Authorized</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BuildingMember_9b0ed4e7-bb1e-4e7a-90df-bc43a90b4d89_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BuildingMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Buildings</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock_ad0bf19b-0d9e-437d-9326-4d0d7dcb22a7_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Summary of roll forward of the changes in goodwill</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding_d25b8af1-e73a-4a29-b2d9-2e69eb4dfc18_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, shares outstanding (in shares)</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxCreditCarryforwards_455ca38d-9505-4647-9727-3574f215d15d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsTaxCreditCarryforwards" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Tax credits</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_NightstarMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_NightstarMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Nightstar [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_NightstarMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_NightstarMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_OtherClinicalProgramsMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_OtherClinicalProgramsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other Clinical Programs</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_ConvergencePharmaceuticalsMember_c3c1a365-5cfd-4dd9-8f52-ad057dbadf0f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ConvergencePharmaceuticalsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Convergence Pharmaceuticals</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ConvergencePharmaceuticalsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ConvergencePharmaceuticalsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Convergence Pharmaceuticals [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ConvergencePharmaceuticalsMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ConvergencePharmaceuticalsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Convergence Pharmaceuticals [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsMajorClassNameDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsMajorClassNameDomain"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockByClassTable_af7d53b8-c1a0-4aff-8f94-2748ef9b6c2a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockByClassTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Stock by Class [Table]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_GovernmentSecuritiesCurrentMember_6120c56b-dc28-438f-abfc-a3c883364534_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_GovernmentSecuritiesCurrentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Government securities Current</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_GovernmentSecuritiesCurrentMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_GovernmentSecuritiesCurrentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Government securities Current.</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_AccruedExpensesOnFundingCommitmentRelatedToClinicalResearch_ab39f41e-33d1-4bd0-8e92-b73a3795f349_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AccruedExpensesOnFundingCommitmentRelatedToClinicalResearch" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued expenses</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_JointVentureOwnerShipPercentageByThirdParty_4b841342-0131-4235-a35b-161c5fd37a61_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_JointVentureOwnerShipPercentageByThirdParty" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Joint venture ownership percentage</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_WorkforceReductionMember_549d1b7f-c3ca-44da-8f1e-9d4dd1e1a583_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_WorkforceReductionMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Workforce Reduction</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_WorkforceReductionMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_WorkforceReductionMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_WorkforceReductionMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_WorkforceReductionMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_c0e1070d-0ebe-488e-88d4-c4d1b50025e6_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Estimated life (in years)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Useful Life</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetUsefulLife" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesExpectedOperatingExpenseReduction_653888a9-4c83-4038-9846-122794c2751f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesExpectedOperatingExpenseReduction" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Expected operating expense reduction</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesExpectedOperatingExpenseReduction_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesExpectedOperatingExpenseReduction" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring And Related Activities, Expected Operating Expense Reduction</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesExpectedOperatingExpenseReduction_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesExpectedOperatingExpenseReduction" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring And Related Activities, Expected Operating Expense Reduction</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesExpectedOperatingExpenseReduction" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesExpectedOperatingExpenseReduction"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesExpectedOperatingExpenseReduction" xlink:to="lab_biib_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesExpectedOperatingExpenseReduction" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AociDerivativeQualifyingAsHedgeExcludedComponentAfterTax_834e088f-fcf0-4283-a902-8fa2207aaca1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AociDerivativeQualifyingAsHedgeExcludedComponentAfterTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Derivative qualifying as hedge gain (loss), excluded component, after tax</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AociDerivativeQualifyingAsHedgeExcludedComponentAfterTax_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AociDerivativeQualifyingAsHedgeExcludedComponentAfterTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">AOCI, Derivative Qualifying as Hedge, Excluded Component, after Tax</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AociDerivativeQualifyingAsHedgeExcludedComponentAfterTax" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AociDerivativeQualifyingAsHedgeExcludedComponentAfterTax"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AociDerivativeQualifyingAsHedgeExcludedComponentAfterTax" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AociDerivativeQualifyingAsHedgeExcludedComponentAfterTax" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour_e2340de5-5862-4347-8455-f05496dd7398_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">2027</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid, Year Four</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueYearFour" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_0f506635-fc8b-4b24-8e96-7eac61bc3335_periodStartLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Beginning balance, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_90e2a2bb-ac06-466a-8a7e-859a5c2eda0c_periodEndLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Ending balance, weighted average exercise price (in dollars per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Weighted Average Exercise Price</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_f513f236-ba65-426d-8ce0-5fbfd25549d6_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based compensation</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Noncash Expense</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesNoncurrent_e8c73983-3d72-4103-b0e9-4535f6ad70a9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesNoncurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued income taxes</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesNoncurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesNoncurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued Income Taxes, Noncurrent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesNoncurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesNoncurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesNoncurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccruedIncomeTaxesNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember_9ee1074d-c180-46f4-934a-94940886b5c0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign Tax Authority</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign Tax Authority [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ForeignCountryMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_RepaymentsOfDebtIncludingPremiumsPaid_e87f44fb-2221-428c-8679-408e738236f3_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_RepaymentsOfDebtIncludingPremiumsPaid" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Repayments of borrowings and premiums paid</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_RepaymentsOfDebtIncludingPremiumsPaid_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_RepaymentsOfDebtIncludingPremiumsPaid" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Repayments of Debt, Including Premiums Paid</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_RepaymentsOfDebtIncludingPremiumsPaid_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_RepaymentsOfDebtIncludingPremiumsPaid" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Repayments of Debt, Including Premiums Paid</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_RepaymentsOfDebtIncludingPremiumsPaid" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_RepaymentsOfDebtIncludingPremiumsPaid"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_RepaymentsOfDebtIncludingPremiumsPaid" xlink:to="lab_biib_RepaymentsOfDebtIncludingPremiumsPaid" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_CityAreaCode_b29a3a7c-9d13-4016-858a-ce1a893aee30_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_CityAreaCode_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="lab_dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock_a26a94ad-ad64-489b-a076-23fe2354721a_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Earnings per Share</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Earnings Per Share [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_1eac9323-c377-461b-b71d-24b8f061048e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Product and Service [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Product and Service [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-2023.xsd#srt_ProductOrServiceAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:to="lab_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostExpectedNumberOfPositionsEliminated_18376193-5898-4282-b8ac-b4ba1a6e1429_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostExpectedNumberOfPositionsEliminated" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Expected number of positions eliminated</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostExpectedNumberOfPositionsEliminated_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostExpectedNumberOfPositionsEliminated" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring and Related Cost, Expected Number of Positions Eliminated</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostExpectedNumberOfPositionsEliminated" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostExpectedNumberOfPositionsEliminated"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostExpectedNumberOfPositionsEliminated" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostExpectedNumberOfPositionsEliminated" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_e93297cb-f452-4138-a571-3d852a7f67fe_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Ownership percentage</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_b671d1c5-0d0e-470c-a15a-62a0412d1855_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Year Focus</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Year Focus</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:to="lab_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AVONEXMember_aeadd88a-72b5-405c-82fe-2c5bd1fe9a18_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AVONEXMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">AVONEX</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AVONEXMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AVONEXMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">AVONEX [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AVONEXMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AVONEXMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">AVONEX</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_AVONEXMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_AVONEXMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_AVONEXMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_AVONEXMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain_07eb5e68-c2e9-448e-90e0-08cdece9a6c5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Geographical [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Geographical [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-2023.xsd#srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:to="lab_srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_LEQEMBICollaborationMember_8b90bc25-21b1-4f1b-9078-7a96545e10e9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_LEQEMBICollaborationMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">LEQEMBI Collaboration</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_LEQEMBICollaborationMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_LEQEMBICollaborationMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">LEQEMBI Collaboration [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_LEQEMBICollaborationMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_LEQEMBICollaborationMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">LEQEMBI Collaboration</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_VUMERITYMember_e86e2cad-7f6e-4696-b706-86387b129e24_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_VUMERITYMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">VUMERITY</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_VUMERITYMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_VUMERITYMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">VUMERITY [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_VUMERITYMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_VUMERITYMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">VUMERITY [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_VUMERITYMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_VUMERITYMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_VUMERITYMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_VUMERITYMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_e1897e40-32cb-49c1-b0ab-9ea090fd6bcc_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease, contract term</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Operating Lease, Term of Contract</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CompensationRelatedCostsPolicyTextBlock_2fa8b24a-58b6-4bc0-a549-172775edb112_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CompensationRelatedCostsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accounting for Share-Based Compensation</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CompensationRelatedCostsPolicyTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CompensationRelatedCostsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation Related Costs, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CompensationRelatedCostsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CompensationRelatedCostsPolicyTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CompensationRelatedCostsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CompensationRelatedCostsPolicyTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CollaborativeArrangementProfitLossSharing_5bd09354-ca5c-44c8-9562-e92634212a9b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CollaborativeArrangementProfitLossSharing" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Recognized net reductions to operating expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CollaborativeArrangementProfitLossSharing_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CollaborativeArrangementProfitLossSharing" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement, Profit (Loss) Sharing</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CollaborativeArrangementProfitLossSharing_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CollaborativeArrangementProfitLossSharing" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement, Profit (Loss) Sharing</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_CollaborativeArrangementProfitLossSharing" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_CollaborativeArrangementProfitLossSharing"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_CollaborativeArrangementProfitLossSharing" xlink:to="lab_biib_CollaborativeArrangementProfitLossSharing" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember_f147cbdf-4452-4167-896a-aa2f64adea6b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Computer&#160;Software&#160;and&#160;Hardware</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Software and Software Development Costs [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SoftwareAndSoftwareDevelopmentCostsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramDomain_0af85c95-b3ce-4d0a-8a84-dc9857ba7c09_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share Repurchase Program [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share Repurchase Program [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ContractManufacturingRoyaltyAndOtherRevenueMember_a0e3602e-68d1-49cd-bf1d-bf82a6f4b29e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ContractManufacturingRoyaltyAndOtherRevenueMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Contract manufacturing, royalty and other revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ContractManufacturingRoyaltyAndOtherRevenueMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ContractManufacturingRoyaltyAndOtherRevenueMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Contract manufacturing, Royalty And Other Revenue [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ContractManufacturingRoyaltyAndOtherRevenueMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ContractManufacturingRoyaltyAndOtherRevenueMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Contract manufacturing, Royalty And Other Revenue</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_ContractManufacturingRoyaltyAndOtherRevenueMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_ContractManufacturingRoyaltyAndOtherRevenueMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_ContractManufacturingRoyaltyAndOtherRevenueMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_ContractManufacturingRoyaltyAndOtherRevenueMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardExrcPrice_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardExrcPrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise Price</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardExrcPrice_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardExrcPrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Award Exercise Price</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AwardExrcPrice" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_AwardExrcPrice"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AwardExrcPrice" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AwardExrcPrice" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_189fa90f-329a-43d2-bbe6-788ebba14e55_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Assets by Major Class [Axis]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_AsiaMember_d6db9f05-2cd9-4eae-acb9-39b567e2db96_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_AsiaMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Asia</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_AsiaMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_AsiaMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Asia [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_AsiaMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2023/elts/srt-2023.xsd#srt_AsiaMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_srt_AsiaMember" xlink:to="lab_srt_AsiaMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EquityClassOfTreasuryStockLineItems_5ea13407-b6f9-4c1b-b566-bef803b3017f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquityClassOfTreasuryStockLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EquityClassOfTreasuryStockLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquityClassOfTreasuryStockLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Equity, Class of Treasury Stock [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EquityClassOfTreasuryStockLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_EquityClassOfTreasuryStockLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EquityClassOfTreasuryStockLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EquityClassOfTreasuryStockLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PLEGRIDYMember_1685e099-f20c-42da-b685-41675b66e083_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PLEGRIDYMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">PLEGRIDY</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PLEGRIDYMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PLEGRIDYMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">PLEGRIDY [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PLEGRIDYMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PLEGRIDYMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">PLEGRIDY</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_PLEGRIDYMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_PLEGRIDYMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_PLEGRIDYMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_PLEGRIDYMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ManufacturingAndOtherCosts_c2ba0d2f-2fbb-4273-8b27-840af5a211e1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ManufacturingAndOtherCosts" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Manufacturing and other costs</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ManufacturingAndOtherCosts_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ManufacturingAndOtherCosts" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Manufacturing and Other Costs</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ManufacturingAndOtherCosts_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ManufacturingAndOtherCosts" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Manufacturing and Other Costs</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_ManufacturingAndOtherCosts" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_ManufacturingAndOtherCosts"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_ManufacturingAndOtherCosts" xlink:to="lab_biib_ManufacturingAndOtherCosts" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract_ede564b5-ab09-4aa1-9ac9-14c083fcd20e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillAndIntangibleAssetsDisclosureAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosure_162b95a6-f63f-4c56-9499-be44317f71f2_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosure" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosure_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosure" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities, Fair Value Disclosure</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosure" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosure"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosure" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosure" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_TimeVestedRestrictedStockUnitsMember_ef4119fe-0382-41cc-a5c6-296dff28c20a_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_TimeVestedRestrictedStockUnitsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Time-vested restricted stock units</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit_ddb628d6-be45-4a47-94b8-063fd65e9762_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Current Foreign Tax Expense (Benefit)</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_srt_CurrencyAxis_228779f3-04ca-4799-9bd1-6cd1c2e03b66_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_CurrencyAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Currency [Axis]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TrdArrDuration_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TrdArrDuration" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Arrangement Duration</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_PaymentsReturnsAppliedAgainstProductRevenueReservesRelatingToCurrentYear_f8d58d43-5a7a-4a26-95c8-b8337e0d4ddb_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PaymentsReturnsAppliedAgainstProductRevenueReservesRelatingToCurrentYear" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Payments/credits relating to sales in current year</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InProcessResearchAndDevelopmentMember_6ac94de2-8588-43ef-81af-83a4851d236c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InProcessResearchAndDevelopmentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">In-process research and development</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InProcessResearchAndDevelopmentMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InProcessResearchAndDevelopmentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">In Process Research and Development [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InProcessResearchAndDevelopmentMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InProcessResearchAndDevelopmentMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_bb9556cb-263d-4b76-973d-ecfbf4d1c1f8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Award Timing MNPI Considered</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryCurrentTable_fbb6830b-f2f2-4707-8605-7c5d4efad6a9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryCurrentTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory, Current [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryCurrentTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryCurrentTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory, Current [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InventoryCurrentTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryCurrentTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InventoryCurrentTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InventoryCurrentTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesTreasuryStockReissued_a0a0de6c-e006-4cbe-9fd5-8800fdf8b425_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesTreasuryStockReissued" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock under stock option and stock purchase plans (in shares)</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTable_1bb5504d-312f-4b98-bd2c-141982c7888e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents [Table]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges_329d2b27-10c1-4822-b422-db1b7c2b8b74_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring charges</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges_64edd5f7-6085-4e1c-8058-9db8de8f9902_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Expense</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringCharges" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestmentsNetOfDividendsOrDistributions_a37c9514-6af3-45c6-b223-eb34fc8c9354_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestmentsNetOfDividendsOrDistributions" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net profits on investment</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueOfFinancialInstrumentsPolicy_4a75e457-9e28-438a-af55-478ebc646068_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueOfFinancialInstrumentsPolicy" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Measurements</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NotesPayableCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NotesPayableCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AverageMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_c4831536-a46e-4acb-b116-a3ce46c388c0_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AverageMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Average maturity of marketable securities, months</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_AverageMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AverageMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Average remaining time to maturity of marketable debt securities, available-for-sale securities.</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardTmgDiscLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardTmgDiscLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Award Timing Disclosures [Line Items]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_srt_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain_ee0d14c2-da03-48e7-99b5-b427ef074244_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Title of Individual [Domain]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromDivestitureOfInterestInConsolidatedSubsidiaries_c321f1d5-144a-4ca3-9ac1-c2502c2c6750_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromDivestitureOfInterestInConsolidatedSubsidiaries" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from sale of equity interest in Samsung Bioepis</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_EquitySecuritiesCurrentMember_05d3aa44-1307-407a-a07d-271337fc238e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_EquitySecuritiesCurrentMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Marketable equity securities, current</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_EquitySecuritiesCurrentMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_EquitySecuritiesCurrentMember"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_BardoxoloneSecuritiesMember_6d95c2eb-34a9-4b27-ba2b-d0d5264555fd_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BardoxoloneSecuritiesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Bardoxolone Securities</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_BardoxoloneSecuritiesMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BardoxoloneSecuritiesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Bardoxolone Securities</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_7ad98272-9aa1-4919-95c0-f697413ef6ed_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests, net of tax</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue_6c52c65a-c5d0-4b88-a19a-3c6b59357057_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total fair value of vested awards</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodTotalFairValue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SummaryOfCommonStockTableTextBlock_e0c9e42b-9f7a-46e9-a41f-63ad165ba386_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SummaryOfCommonStockTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Summary of common stock</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_SummaryOfCommonStockTableTextBlock_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SummaryOfCommonStockTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Summary of common stock.</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital_f82cd3a9-a5f6-4acb-90ac-f44ff6d286b9_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Additional paid-in capital</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Additional Paid in Capital</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ShareOfNonControlingInterestRecognized_b865bde6-ba69-4498-9fc8-80c063f1d4b3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ShareOfNonControlingInterestRecognized" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share of non-controling interest recognized</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ShareOfNonControlingInterestRecognized_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ShareOfNonControlingInterestRecognized" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share Of Non-Controling Interest Recognized</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ShareOfNonControlingInterestRecognized_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ShareOfNonControlingInterestRecognized" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share Of Non-Controling Interest Recognized</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_ShareOfNonControlingInterestRecognized" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_ShareOfNonControlingInterestRecognized"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentUnusedBorrowingCapacityAmount_d2e7df0e-832d-4417-b78b-f20bb61cddb1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentUnusedBorrowingCapacityAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Unused borrowing capacity, amount</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentUnusedBorrowingCapacityAmount" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentUnusedBorrowingCapacityAmount"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis_fac7937b-acb1-44ac-8573-a537ee7f55cd_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring Plan [Axis]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_RestructuringPlanAxis"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_AdditionalMilestonePayment_ee572416-6d55-45ba-91cf-c7041a92e7d3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AdditionalMilestonePayment" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Additional milestone payment</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AdditionalMilestonePayment_8c01f199-8e7c-42f7-8fff-cd5580dfe4c2_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AdditionalMilestonePayment" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total ADUHELM Collaboration third party milestones</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AdditionalMilestonePayment_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AdditionalMilestonePayment" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Additional Milestone Payment</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AdditionalMilestonePayment_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AdditionalMilestonePayment" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Additional milestone payment.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_AdditionalMilestonePayment" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_AdditionalMilestonePayment"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTable_1d5166a4-bbfc-46fe-b397-a0d045c26cd4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Table]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTable"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredEquityCompensationPreAcquisitionServices_a9a6f9a4-1af7-4312-bca0-71f1e56027c8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BusinessCombinationConsiderationTransferredEquityCompensationPreAcquisitionServices" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Consideration transferred, equity compensation pre-acquisition services</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_DirectorsPlanMember_4ee409cb-4f91-4719-9f05-fc4ead668074_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_DirectorsPlanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Directors Plan</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_18743afe-1ae3-4908-8f19-e8fd503f86f5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Stock options granted, grant date fair value</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InProcessResearchAndDevelopmentPolicy_94191cfd-616c-47db-b94a-65251516fdcc_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InProcessResearchAndDevelopmentPolicy" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Acquired In-process Research and Development</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ComponentsOfDeferredTaxLiabilitiesAbstract_b6c73493-1106-4f06-8025-300c8a93faf3_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ComponentsOfDeferredTaxLiabilitiesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax liabilities:</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsNetIncomeTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsNetIncomeTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation Actually Paid vs. Net Income</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_DenominatorAbstract" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_DenominatorAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_DenominatorAbstract" xlink:to="lab_biib_DenominatorAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_e741fc73-2994-44f7-b007-9809578eea8d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract_30e420b6-1448-4aa4-bd68-d685a7055593_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BIIB111Member_a601e272-3b6f-472e-9f85-95cbdc5a8d6c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BIIB111Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">BIIB111</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BIIB111Member_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BIIB111Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">BIIB111 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BIIB111Member_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BIIB111Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">BIIB111 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_BIIB111Member" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_BIIB111Member"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_BIIB111Member" xlink:to="lab_biib_BIIB111Member" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_273b72fb-ff74-4a02-9014-d66b4505c744_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation expense related to share-based payments</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_f67f98d0-19c8-4a2c-a866-d151c30419e9_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based compensation expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expense</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_NonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_NonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_d35d0dbf-4b91-4e06-9ca9-039d1c939115_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Gross</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsGross" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoodsNetOfReserves_84d55bf8-5603-43d5-b6ef-4d95a2094d9d_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoodsNetOfReserves" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Finished goods</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoodsNetOfReserves_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoodsNetOfReserves" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory, Finished Goods, Net of Reserves</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoodsNetOfReserves" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoodsNetOfReserves"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoodsNetOfReserves" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InventoryFinishedGoodsNetOfReserves" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_StrategicInvestmentPortfolio_497613a1-5256-4cde-9b4a-1c424601e5a7_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_StrategicInvestmentPortfolio" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Strategic investment portfolio</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_StrategicInvestmentPortfolio_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_StrategicInvestmentPortfolio" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Strategic Investment Portfolio</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_StrategicInvestmentPortfolio_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_StrategicInvestmentPortfolio" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Strategic investment portfolio.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_StrategicInvestmentPortfolio" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_StrategicInvestmentPortfolio"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_StrategicInvestmentPortfolio" xlink:to="lab_biib_StrategicInvestmentPortfolio" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables_988be9d4-88a4-44a6-b66e-83da679feee6_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts receivable</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combination, Recognized Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed, Current Assets, Receivables</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationRecognizedIdentifiableAssetsAcquiredAndLiabilitiesAssumedCurrentAssetsReceivables" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityDomain_bc042408-612a-4f63-b702-7389e44bcfbf_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Authority [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Authority [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BIIB112Member_f76da0fc-c317-48d2-9d21-f153a40e3cbf_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BIIB112Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">BIIB112</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BIIB112Member_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BIIB112Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">BIIB112 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BIIB112Member_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BIIB112Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">BIIB112 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_BIIB112Member" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_BIIB112Member"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_BIIB112Member" xlink:to="lab_biib_BIIB112Member" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent_97f0f70e-60a1-4698-a9fb-bb15cb94a286_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Employee compensation and benefits</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Employee-related Liabilities, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeRelatedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsOfFinancingCosts_e56c89f8-04bc-4a5b-a4df-e0a8b90775ee_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsOfFinancingCosts" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Costs associated with the senior notes offerings</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsOfFinancingCosts_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsOfFinancingCosts" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Payments of Financing Costs</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsOfFinancingCosts" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsOfFinancingCosts"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsOfFinancingCosts" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsOfFinancingCosts" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TrdArrIndName_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TrdArrIndName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Name</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_TrdArrIndName_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_TrdArrIndName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Arrangement, Individual Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_TrdArrIndName" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_TrdArrIndName"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_TrdArrIndName" xlink:to="lab_ecd_TrdArrIndName" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_b1a32d02-7848-4489-8e15-53765a4e9803_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Portion Attributable to Parent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock_8772ea26-54ef-4f52-aaec-cfa2172af8b8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue by product</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Disaggregation of Revenue [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_InventoryIdleCapacityChargesAndContractualCommitmentsMember_bf0711d1-ad13-472d-8349-998b0161b919_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_InventoryIdleCapacityChargesAndContractualCommitmentsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory, Idle Capacity Charges And Contractual Commitments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_InventoryIdleCapacityChargesAndContractualCommitmentsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_InventoryIdleCapacityChargesAndContractualCommitmentsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory, Idle Capacity Charges And Contractual Commitments [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_InventoryIdleCapacityChargesAndContractualCommitmentsMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_InventoryIdleCapacityChargesAndContractualCommitmentsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory, Idle Capacity Charges And Contractual Commitments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_InventoryIdleCapacityChargesAndContractualCommitmentsMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_InventoryIdleCapacityChargesAndContractualCommitmentsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_InventoryIdleCapacityChargesAndContractualCommitmentsMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_InventoryIdleCapacityChargesAndContractualCommitmentsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityDomain_a5b94d50-eb85-4c7c-b090-847a3139f0f4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityDomain" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FacilityLocationAxis_22012a6f-2c1f-49db-882c-1909bb0e9ed7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FacilityLocationAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Facility Location [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FacilityLocationAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FacilityLocationAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Facility Location [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FacilityLocationAxis_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FacilityLocationAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">-- None. No documentation exists for this element. --</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_FacilityLocationAxis" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_FacilityLocationAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_FacilityLocationAxis" xlink:to="lab_biib_FacilityLocationAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BIIB054Member_155bba35-6b67-484f-84de-6444e49e2769_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BIIB054Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">BIIB054</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BIIB054Member_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BIIB054Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">BIIB054 [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_BIIB054Member_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_BIIB054Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">BIIB054</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_BIIB054Member" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_BIIB054Member"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_BIIB054Member" xlink:to="lab_biib_BIIB054Member" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CommercialMilestonesMember_291b035c-7931-4d7a-8a45-44efde8db540_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CommercialMilestonesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Commercial Milestones</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CommercialMilestonesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CommercialMilestonesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Commercial Milestones [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_CommercialMilestonesMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_CommercialMilestonesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Commercial Milestones [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_CommercialMilestonesMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_CommercialMilestonesMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_CommercialMilestonesMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_CommercialMilestonesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsLineItems_94745e8d-390d-4049-9b89-6bf114cde634_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalents [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis_bc4e076a-bf87-404c-8f17-96a3e1e3c3a6_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Long-term Debt, Type [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Long-Term Debt, Type [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LongtermDebtTypeAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_AmendmentFlag_83d33b37-a41a-483b-85c2-6e1054120876_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Flag</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_AmendmentFlag_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Flag</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="lab_dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_LegalEntityAxis_696095e4-6fab-4a28-98f0-fa83f8fac7ae_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Legal Entity [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_LegalEntityAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Legal Entity [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_LegalEntityAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:to="lab_dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract_15010458-b5ab-4fc5-b915-f66e09b2a98f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_UpfrontPaymentForCollaborationAgreement_11db5ed3-a089-4ace-ab8c-d83aa6caa868_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_UpfrontPaymentForCollaborationAgreement" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Upfront payment for collaboration agreement</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_UpfrontPaymentForCollaborationAgreement_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_UpfrontPaymentForCollaborationAgreement" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Upfront Payment For Collaboration Agreement</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_UpfrontPaymentForCollaborationAgreement_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_UpfrontPaymentForCollaborationAgreement" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Upfront Payment For Collaboration Agreement</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_UpfrontPaymentForCollaborationAgreement" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_UpfrontPaymentForCollaborationAgreement"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_UpfrontPaymentForCollaborationAgreement" xlink:to="lab_biib_UpfrontPaymentForCollaborationAgreement" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGoodwillAndIntangibleAssets_a265d3cf-b141-4ec5-b45d-de3e3a894c1a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGoodwillAndIntangibleAssets" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Intangibles, net</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGoodwillAndIntangibleAssets_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGoodwillAndIntangibleAssets" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Tax Assets, Goodwill and Intangible Assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGoodwillAndIntangibleAssets" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGoodwillAndIntangibleAssets"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGoodwillAndIntangibleAssets" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxAssetsGoodwillAndIntangibleAssets" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_cb961707-6d7a-469b-ab70-d3d7d8a6360d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted average discount rate</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Lease, Weighted Average Discount Rate, Percent</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet_509e8682-0d82-4f5b-a7e6-4810b73f8deb_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Interest</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Interest Paid, Excluding Capitalized Interest, Operating Activities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_InterestPaidNet"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward_3f605d1e-345d-4516-a6e6-cedbd11a20a2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">SEC Schedule, 12-09, Movement in Valuation Allowances and Reserves [Roll Forward]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_MovementInValuationAllowancesAndReservesRollForward" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_a6a9b28f-f486-404f-9691-5817595ca9ef_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Due in one year or less</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Fair Value, Maturity, Allocated and Single Maturity Date, Year One</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract_a2f152a7-4e00-4f43-b67f-0696628a1f87_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Assets:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Assets, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_TermOfCollaborationAgreement_55c73a1e-ebd4-4b0b-9c99-744113e3d2ad_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_TermOfCollaborationAgreement" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Term of collaboration agreement</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_TermOfCollaborationAgreement_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_TermOfCollaborationAgreement" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Term Of Collaboration Agreement</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_TermOfCollaborationAgreement_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_TermOfCollaborationAgreement" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Term Of Collaboration Agreement</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_Deferredtaxliabilitiestemporarydifferencespurchaseaccountingforeignsubsidiaries_9b0a25fa-17e4-4b9e-a63b-c342abd288e9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_Deferredtaxliabilitiestemporarydifferencespurchaseaccountingforeignsubsidiaries" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax liabilities, temporary differences, purchase accounting, foreign subsidiaries</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_Deferredtaxliabilitiestemporarydifferencespurchaseaccountingforeignsubsidiaries_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_Deferredtaxliabilitiestemporarydifferencespurchaseaccountingforeignsubsidiaries" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax liabilities, temporary differences, purchase accounting, foreign subsidiaries</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_Deferredtaxliabilitiestemporarydifferencespurchaseaccountingforeignsubsidiaries_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_Deferredtaxliabilitiestemporarydifferencespurchaseaccountingforeignsubsidiaries" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred tax liabilities, temporary differences, purchase accounting, foreign subsidiaries</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationsPolicy_a6f84fdd-7369-4789-b4e7-c4db1c7c9cb2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationsPolicy" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Contingent Consideration</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationsPolicy_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationsPolicy" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combinations Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationsPolicy" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationsPolicy" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SageTherapeuticsIncMember_0b3a7e68-712d-4143-9f79-88d378029dd7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SageTherapeuticsIncMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Sage Therapeutics</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_SageTherapeuticsIncMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_SageTherapeuticsIncMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Sage Therapeutics Inc. [Member]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostExpectedCostRemaining1_9392aac3-ca66-41ec-a35f-7f319723fe4d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedCostExpectedCostRemaining1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Expected cost remaining</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesPolicyTextBlock_b75b4ea1-eb2f-478f-ac28-2c890ffc072a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Selling, General and Administrative Expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesPolicyTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Selling, General and Administrative Expenses, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesPolicyTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ReductionInRoyaltyRate_8b90ab9c-0bc4-4cbd-a653-9465ceb03d8e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ReductionInRoyaltyRate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Reduction in royalty rate</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ReductionInRoyaltyRate_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ReductionInRoyaltyRate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Reduction In Royalty Rate</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ReductionInRoyaltyRate_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ReductionInRoyaltyRate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Reduction In Royalty Rate</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_ReductionInRoyaltyRate" xlink:to="lab_biib_ReductionInRoyaltyRate" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilities_65e7f1b6-f87d-41f6-ba03-c8e79aad9854_negatedTotalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTotalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total deferred tax liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilities_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Tax Liabilities, Net</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilities" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilities"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DeferredTaxLiabilities" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestmentsTextBlock_bf8a0de2-3400-4779-81c3-26105a488f0a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestmentsTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Gain (loss) on investments</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestmentsTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestmentsTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestmentsTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestmentsTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_870d2c5d-85b1-4337-b285-997e766dd28c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Diluted earnings per share attributable to Biogen Inc. (in shares)</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Forgone Recovery, Explanation of Impracticability</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Forgone Recovery, Explanation of Impracticability [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_29bee7ff-f011-4dc3-ad26-1394e9ab3337_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Retirement Plan Sponsor Location [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Retirement Plan Sponsor Location [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RetirementPlanSponsorLocationAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameAxis_272cb498-898a-4bd7-a620-3f773851d4b9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Authority, Name [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Authority, Name [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxAuthorityNameAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ThresholdOfGrossSalesOfToBeAchievedInPrecedingTwelveConsecutiveMonthsUnderOptionOne_e1b750ad-e44a-455c-818f-8714e974da42_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ThresholdOfGrossSalesOfToBeAchievedInPrecedingTwelveConsecutiveMonthsUnderOptionOne" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Limit of gross sale of GAZYVA to be achieved in preceding 12 months under option one</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_ThresholdOfGrossSalesOfToBeAchievedInPrecedingTwelveConsecutiveMonthsUnderOptionOne" xlink:to="lab_biib_ThresholdOfGrossSalesOfToBeAchievedInPrecedingTwelveConsecutiveMonthsUnderOptionOne" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ResearchanddevelopmentassetAxis_a7910ac6-a839-4815-a087-3bfe741bd38b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ResearchanddevelopmentassetAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Research and development asset [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ResearchanddevelopmentassetAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ResearchanddevelopmentassetAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Research and development asset [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_ResearchanddevelopmentassetAxis_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_ResearchanddevelopmentassetAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Research and development asset [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_ResearchanddevelopmentassetAxis" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_ResearchanddevelopmentassetAxis"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleRealizedLoss_f640c2f4-8a6a-4303-bf36-9bf5526803db_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleRealizedLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Realized losses</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleRealizedLoss_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleRealizedLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Realized Loss</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleRealizedLoss" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleRealizedLoss"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleRealizedLoss" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleRealizedLoss" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_45525b26-ffc2-4f0d-9970-942c59010abe_negatedLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Purchases of property, plant and equipment</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to Acquire Property, Plant, and Equipment</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Company Selected Measure Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Company Selected Measure Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt" xlink:to="lab_ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AmortizationOfInventoryStepUp_293a842f-ed79-4662-bde5-fea15f2f4225_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AmortizationOfInventoryStepUp" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization of inventory step-up</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AmortizationOfInventoryStepUp_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AmortizationOfInventoryStepUp" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization Of Inventory Step-Up</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_AmortizationOfInventoryStepUp_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_AmortizationOfInventoryStepUp" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization Of Inventory Step-Up</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_AmortizationOfInventoryStepUp" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_AmortizationOfInventoryStepUp"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_AmortizationOfInventoryStepUp" xlink:to="lab_biib_AmortizationOfInventoryStepUp" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Assets_3d6d021d-30f1-4aa4-ac76-8cc714417f3a_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Assets" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total assets</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Assets_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Assets" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_Assets" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_Assets"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_Assets" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Name</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Awards Close in Time to MNPI Disclosures, Individual Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName" xlink:to="lab_ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis_6b5f0bf3-e243-45c1-b2a3-0262dbd125ab_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share Repurchase Program [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share Repurchase Program [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareRepurchaseProgramAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_TimeVestedRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock_83840189-6e6d-4278-948e-c531b337f4d7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_TimeVestedRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Time-vested restricted stock units activity</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_TimeVestedRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_TimeVestedRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Time Vested Restricted Stock Units Activity [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_TimeVestedRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_TimeVestedRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Time Vested Restricted Stock Units Activity.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_TimeVestedRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_TimeVestedRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_TimeVestedRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_biib_TimeVestedRestrictedStockUnitsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueTreasuryStockReissued_28f68335-72e3-48be-9c93-adee348e69a7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueTreasuryStockReissued" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock under stock option and stock purchase plans</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueTreasuryStockReissued_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueTreasuryStockReissued" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period, Value, Treasury Stock Reissued</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueTreasuryStockReissued" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueTreasuryStockReissued"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueTreasuryStockReissued" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueTreasuryStockReissued" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_MilestonePaymentsMember_d3f9268b-ac68-46f1-82ba-e799778d528d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_MilestonePaymentsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Milestone Payments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_MilestonePaymentsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_MilestonePaymentsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Milestone Payments [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_MilestonePaymentsMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_MilestonePaymentsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Milestone Payments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_MilestonePaymentsMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_MilestonePaymentsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_MilestonePaymentsMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_MilestonePaymentsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalInYearFive_0a95d626-205c-4b4f-84e9-fb26c9ca14a0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalInYearFive" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">2028</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalInYearFive_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalInYearFive" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Long-Term Debt, Maturity, Year Five</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalInYearFive" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalInYearFive"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalInYearFive" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LongTermDebtMaturitiesRepaymentsOfPrincipalInYearFive" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FAMPYRAMember_5af89dfa-7328-4b19-8486-0c9cd3012e9b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FAMPYRAMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">FAMPYRA</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FAMPYRAMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FAMPYRAMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">FAMPYRA [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_FAMPYRAMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_FAMPYRAMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">FAMPYRA [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_FAMPYRAMember" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_FAMPYRAMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_FAMPYRAMember" xlink:to="lab_biib_FAMPYRAMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RestructuringAndRelatedActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember_08fee4ad-ddbc-4837-a434-b2fb9b289cd1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Series A</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Series A Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SeriesAPreferredStockMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationDispositionOfBusiness_4345cb37-839d-4862-9e49-2afbed519980_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationDispositionOfBusiness" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Effective income tax rate reconciliation, disposition of business, amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationDispositionOfBusiness_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationDispositionOfBusiness" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation, Disposition of Business, Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationDispositionOfBusiness" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationDispositionOfBusiness"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationDispositionOfBusiness" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxReconciliationDispositionOfBusiness" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_d5d9926e-5145-4322-a045-9a7e2dda18e5_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Vested (in dollars per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Vested in Period, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2023/elts/us-gaap-2023.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsVestedInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NonNeosMember_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NonNeosMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Non-NEOs</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_ecd_NonNeosMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_NonNeosMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Non-NEOs [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_ecd_NonNeosMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2023/ecd-2023.xsd#ecd_NonNeosMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_ecd_NonNeosMember" xlink:to="lab_ecd_NonNeosMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PercentageReceivablesOfWholesaleDistributorAccountedInConsolidatedReceivables_26d1bf65-b63d-45be-b66e-769321d8360b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PercentageReceivablesOfWholesaleDistributorAccountedInConsolidatedReceivables" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage receivables of wholesale distributor accounted in consolidated receivables</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PercentageReceivablesOfWholesaleDistributorAccountedInConsolidatedReceivables_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PercentageReceivablesOfWholesaleDistributorAccountedInConsolidatedReceivables" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage Receivables Of Wholesale Distributor Accounted In Consolidated Receivables</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_biib_PercentageReceivablesOfWholesaleDistributorAccountedInConsolidatedReceivables_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_PercentageReceivablesOfWholesaleDistributorAccountedInConsolidatedReceivables" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Percentage receivables of wholesale distributor accounted in consolidated receivables.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_biib_PercentageReceivablesOfWholesaleDistributorAccountedInConsolidatedReceivables" xlink:href="biib-20231231.xsd#biib_PercentageReceivablesOfWholesaleDistributorAccountedInConsolidatedReceivables"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_biib_PercentageReceivablesOfWholesaleDistributorAccountedInConsolidatedReceivables" xlink:to="lab_biib_PercentageReceivablesOfWholesaleDistributorAccountedInConsolidatedReceivables" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_ecd_AdjToCompAxis_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_ecd_AdjToCompAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment to Compensation:</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiCost_d0e85fc9-01e6-4648-bc6c-dff38fe94db1_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiCost" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Amortized Cost</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_biib_MosunetuzumabMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_biib_MosunetuzumabMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Mosunetuzumab</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_srt_StatementScenarioAxis_a85f2f1c-edb1-40b1-a24f-3e14e64b3e85_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_StatementScenarioAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Scenario [Axis]</link:label>
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